{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T11:16:14Z","timestamp":1760267774152,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","SFRH\/BD\/148510\/2019","IF\/01146\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/04378\/2020","UIDB\/04378\/2020","SFRH\/BD\/148510\/2019","IF\/01146\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work, we propose the utilization of scCO2 to impregnate ibuprofen into the mcl-PHA matrix produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subs. aurantiaca (DSM 19603). The biopolymer has adhesive properties, is biocompatible and has a melting temperature of 45 \u00b0C. Several conditions, namely, pressure (15 and 20 MPa) and impregnation time (30 min, 1 h and 3 h) were tested. The highest ibuprofen content (90.8 \u00b1 6.5 mg of ibuprofen\/gPHA) was obtained at 20 MPa and 40 \u00b0C, for 1 h, with an impregnation rate of 89 mg\/(g\u00b7h). The processed mcl-PHA samples suffered a plasticization, as shown by the decrease of 6.5 \u00b0C in the Tg, at 20 MPa. The polymer\u2019s crystallinity was also affected concomitantly with the matrices\u2019 ibuprofen content. For all the impregnation conditions tested the release of ibuprofen from the biopolymer followed a type II release profile. This study has demonstrated that the mcl-PHA produced by P. chlororaphis has a great potential for the development of novel topical drug delivery systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26164772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T21:35:40Z","timestamp":1628458540000},"page":"4772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Supercritical CO2 Assisted Impregnation of Ibuprofen on Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHA)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6478-245X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liane","family":"Meneses","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Craveiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0840-6289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4000-1836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A. M.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2815-149 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9430-4640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filomena","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2815-149 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2008.07.005","article-title":"Responsive Polymers in Controlled Drug Delivery","volume":"33","author":"Bajpai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. 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