{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T09:56:39Z","timestamp":1772358999248,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB\/50006\/2020)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB\/50006\/2020)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"PRFU Project","award":["D01N01UN410120210001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D01N01UN410120210001"]}]},{"name":"PNE (Programme National Exceptionnel)","award":["financial support for H.R. and A.H. displacements"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["financial support for H.R. and A.H. displacements"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Warionia saharae Benth. &amp; Coss. (Asteraceae) is an endemic species of North Africa naturally grown in the southwest of the Algerian Sahara. In the present study, this species\u2019 hydromethanolic leaf extract was investigated for its phenolic profile characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI\/MS). Additionally, the chemical composition of W. saharae was analyzed by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry, and its antioxidant potential was assessed through five in vitro tests: DPPH\u25cf scavenging activity, ABTS\u25cf+ scavenging assay, galvinoxyl scavenging activity, ferric reducing power (FRP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity. The UHPLC-DAD-ESI\/MS analysis allowed the detection and quantification of 22 compounds, with taxifolin as the dominant compound. The GC\u2013MS analysis allowed the identification of 37 compounds, and the antioxidant activity data indicate that W. saharae extract has a very high capacity to capture radicals due to its richness in compounds with antioxidant capacity. The extract also showed potent \u03b1-glucosidase inhibition as well as a good anti-inflammatory activity. However, weak anti-\u03b1-amylase and anticholinesterase activities were recorded. Moreover, an in silico docking study was performed to highlight possible interactions between three significant compounds identified in W. saharae extract and \u03b1-glucosidase enzyme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26175257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T04:07:28Z","timestamp":1630382848000},"page":"5257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of an Endemic Species from Southern Algeria: Warionia saharae"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3033-9481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Habiba","family":"Rechek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Batna 2, Mostefa Ben Boulaid, Batna 05078, Algeria"},{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ammar","family":"Haouat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Mol\u00e9cules Bioactives et Analyse Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL), Universit\u00e9 des Fr\u00e8res Mentouri, Constantine 25000, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Oued Souf, Oued Souf 39000, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2994-5126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaouther","family":"Hamaidia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria"},{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8095-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamza","family":"Allal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technology, Faculty of Technology, 20 August 1955 Skikda University, Skikda 21000, Algeria"}]},{"given":"Tarek","family":"Boudiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03, Constantine 25000, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4249-7089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana C. G. A.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7882-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana M.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Chawki","family":"Bensouici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03, Constantine 25000, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1563-2049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noureddine","family":"Soltani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2861-8286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur M. S.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Gubory, K.H., and Laher, I. (2018). Plants of Indian traditional medicine with antioxidant activity. Nutritional Antioxidant Therapies: Treatments and Perspectives, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67625-8"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joshee, N., Dhekney, S.A., and Parajuli, P. (2019). Medicinal Plants: From Farm to Pharmacy, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-31269-5"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2016.41","article-title":"Flavonoids: An overview","volume":"5","author":"Panche","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nutr. 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