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In this study, propolis extraction was studied seeking extracts with strong bioactivities using less orthodox solvents, with some derived from apiary products. For that, a propolis sample collected from Ger\u00eas apiary in 2018 (G18) was extracted by maceration with six different solvents: absolute ethanol, ethanol\/water (7:3), honey brandy, mead, propylene glycol and water. The solvent influence on the chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts was investigated. Antioxidant potential was assessed by the DPPH free-radical-scavenging assay and the antimicrobial activity by the agar dilution method. Chemical composition of the extracts was determined in vitro by three colorimetric assays: total ortho-diphenols, phenolics and flavonoids contents and the LC-MS technique. To our knowledge, this is the first time that solvents such as honey brandy and mead have been studied. Honey brandy showed considerable potential to extract propolis active compounds able to inhibit the growth of bacteria such as the methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes (MIC values of 100 and 200 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively) and the fungi Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MIC = 500 \u00b5g\/mL, for both). Mead extracts displayed high antioxidant capacity (EC50 = 1.63 \u00b1 0.27 \u00b5g\/mL) and great activity against resistant bacteria such as the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (MIC = 750 \u00b5g\/mL, for both). The production of such solvents made from beehive products further promotes a diversification of apiary products and the exploration of new applications using eco-friendly solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27217531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T04:00:51Z","timestamp":1667534451000},"page":"7531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Propolis Efficacy: The Quest for Eco-Friendly Solvents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Freitas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB\u2014Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, <i>Campus<\/i> de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"CBMA\u2014Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0822-8248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, <i>Campus<\/i> de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"CBMA\u2014Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pier","family":"Parpot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CQUM\u2014Chemistry Center of the University of Minho, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, <i>Campus<\/i> de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, <i>Campus<\/i> de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7882-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana M.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3989-8925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, <i>Campus<\/i> de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"CBMA\u2014Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8223-8634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Almeida-Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Minho, <i>Campus<\/i> de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"CBMA\u2014Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"481","article-title":"How do bees prevent hive infections? 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