{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T21:01:56Z","timestamp":1774472516749,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal)","award":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal)","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal)","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal)","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2021"]}]},{"name":"CIMO","award":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"]}]},{"name":"CIMO","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CIMO","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CIMO","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2021"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"SusTEC","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bee pollen is frequently characterized as a natural source of bioactive components, such as phenolic compounds, which are responsible for its pharmaceutical potential and nutritional properties. In this study, we evaluated the bioactive compound contents of mono- and polyfloral bee pollen samples using spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and established links with their antioxidant and antitumor activity. The findings demonstrated that the botanical origin of bee pollen has a remarkable impact on its phenolic (3\u201317 mg GAE\/g) and flavonoid (0.5\u20133.2 mg QE\/g) contents. Liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of 35 phenolic and 13 phenylamide compounds in bee pollen, while gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry showed its richness in volatiles, such as hydrocarbons, fatty acids, alcohols, ketones, etc. The concentration of bioactive compounds in each sample resulted in a substantial distinction in their antioxidant activity, DPPH (EC50: 0.3\u20130.7 mg\/mL), ABTS (0.8\u20131.3 mM Trolox\/mg), and reducing power (0.03\u20130.05 mg GAE\/g), with the most bioactive pollens being the monofloral samples from Olea europaea and Ononis spinosa. Complementarily, some samples revealed a moderate effect on cervical carcinoma (GI50: 495 \u03bcg\/mL) and breast adenocarcinoma (GI50: 734 \u03bcg\/mL) cell lines. This may be associated with compounds such as quercetin-O-diglucoside and kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, which are present in pollens from Olea europaea and Coriandrum, respectively. Overall, the results highlighted the potentiality of bee pollen to serve health-promoting formulations in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28020835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T04:57:19Z","timestamp":1673845039000},"page":"835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of Mono- and Polyfloral Moroccan Bee Pollen by Characterizing Phenolic and Volatile Compounds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4060-766X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volkan","family":"Aylanc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Samar","family":"Larbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de G\u00e9nies Biologique et Agroalimentaire, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Tunis, 30 Avenue Kheireddine Pacha, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6801-4578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Calhelha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9050-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lillian","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Feriel","family":"Rezouga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de G\u00e9nies Biologique et Agroalimentaire, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Tunis, 30 Avenue Kheireddine Pacha, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2387-630X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Shantal","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, Campus as Lagoas, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8289-6717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Carmen","family":"Seijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, Campus as Lagoas, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain"}]},{"given":"Asmae","family":"El Ghouizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30050, Morocco"}]},{"given":"Badiaa","family":"Lyoussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Physiology-Pharmacology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30050, Morocco"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3735-6951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soraia I.","family":"Falc\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8665-5280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Vilas-Boas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2021.01.042","article-title":"From the hive to the table: Nutrition value, digestibility and bioavailability of the dietary phytochemicals present in the bee pollen and bee bread","volume":"109","author":"Aylanc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends 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