{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:07:56Z","timestamp":1762254476680,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]],"date-time":"2023-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXPL\/QUI-OUT\/1554\/2021","DL 57\/2016 \u2013 Norma transit\u00f3ria"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXPL\/QUI-OUT\/1554\/2021","DL 57\/2016 \u2013 Norma transit\u00f3ria"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["NORTE-07-0162-FEDER-000048","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020","PTDC\/QUI-QOR\/29426\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NORTE-07-0162-FEDER-000048","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020","PTDC\/QUI-QOR\/29426\/2017"]}]},{"name":"FCT and ESF","award":["PD\/BD\/142868\/2018 and COVID\/BD\/152681\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/142868\/2018 and COVID\/BD\/152681\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this work we pursued research involving the microwave-assisted N-alkylation of a NH pyrrolidine-fused chlorin with methyl 4-(bromomethyl) benzoate and subsequent ester hydrolysis as a straightforward strategy to obtain carboxylic acid functionality in the pyrrolidine-fused chlorin, as a single reaction product. We studied the reaction\u2019s scope by extending the N-alkylation of the free-base chlorin and its corresponding Zn(II) complex to other alkyl halides, including 1,4-diiodobutane, N-(2-bromoethyl)phthalimide, and 2-bromoethanaminium bromide. In addition, two new chlorin\u2013dansyl dyads were synthesized by reacting dansyl chloride with the 2-aminoethyl pyrrolidine-fused chlorin (dyad 6) and NH pyrrolidine-fused chlorin (dyad 7). According to spectral studies, the linker length between the two fluorophores influences the response of the dyads to the solvent polarity. Because of the simplicity of these approaches, we believe it will enable access to a vast library of custom-tailored N-functionalized chlorins while preserving their important absorption and emission spectra as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer and photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of microorganisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28093833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:12:11Z","timestamp":1682943131000},"page":"3833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Spectral Properties of Pyrrolidine-Fused Chlorin Derivatives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2656-6443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4331-714X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Augusto C.","family":"Tom\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0998-1437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas de Abel Salazar, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0393-1655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M. G.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1111\/php.13190","article-title":"Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer: What\u2019s Past Is Prologue","volume":"96","author":"Hamblin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Photochem. 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