{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T18:04:44Z","timestamp":1762625084678,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"GreenPalm of the PRIMA EuropeanAction","award":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"]}]},{"name":"MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033","award":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Funda\u00e7ao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal)","award":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"CBMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Union \u201cNextGenerationEU\u201d","award":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\/Section II-2019","PCI2020-112088","PRIMA\/0001\/2019","UIBD\/04050\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Secondary varieties of date fruits are often discarded because they do not have commercial value. However, their phytochemicals are very similar to those of the primary ones and therefore, they can be valorized as a source of compounds of interest, mainly phenols and dietary fiber. Their chemical composition changes with ripening, so their characterization throughout this process is of great significance. Date fruit samples were harvested at Khalal, Rutab, and Tamer stages, and a mixture of fruits from ornamental date trees was also analyzed. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were studied for their phenolic composition. In aqueous extracts, phenols decreased with ripening, while in the ethanolic ones having higher phenolic content. Chelidonic acid, a \u03b3-pyrone, was the major compound found in all extracts, but in the ethanolic ones, flavonoids were also present in similar amounts. After purification by adsorption chromatography, all extracts were assayed for their antimicrobial activity. Those from the Tamer stage showed the highest activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. The fibrous residues after aqueous and ethanolic extractions were also characterized. Their chemical composition suggested that they can be considered as a good source of prebiotic arabinoxylans and antioxidant fiber, whose antiradical activity correlated with their phenolic content. Date fruits from secondary varieties are promising as a worthwhile starting point for obtaining new value-added products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28155807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T11:17:17Z","timestamp":1690975037000},"page":"5807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Sustainable Approach for the Valorization of Underutilized Date Fruits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9751-6035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amel","family":"Hamdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, Centro Andaluz de Biolog\u00eda del Desarrollo (CABD), University Pablo de Olavide (UPO), CSIC\/UPO\/Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2019-9013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Viera-Alcaide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2661-3617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1385-4799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Lino-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Guill\u00e9n-Bejarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0003-4345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Arcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2695-4588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-L\u00f3pez, J., Viuda-Martos, M., Sayas-Barber\u00e1, E., Navarro-Rodr\u00edguez de Vera, C., and P\u00e9rez-\u00c1lvarez, J.\u00c1. 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