{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:32:36Z","timestamp":1760149956945,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/04449\/2020","UIDB\/04033\/2020","2022.07303.PTDC\/FCT","2022.10305.PTDC\/FCT","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04449\/2020","UIDB\/04033\/2020","2022.07303.PTDC\/FCT","2022.10305.PTDC\/FCT","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Old Goa Revelations project","award":["UIDB\/04449\/2020","UIDB\/04033\/2020","2022.07303.PTDC\/FCT","2022.10305.PTDC\/FCT","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04449\/2020","UIDB\/04033\/2020","2022.07303.PTDC\/FCT","2022.10305.PTDC\/FCT","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"City University of Macau endowment to the Sustainable Heritage Chair and Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science","award":["UIDB\/04449\/2020","UIDB\/04033\/2020","2022.07303.PTDC\/FCT","2022.10305.PTDC\/FCT","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04449\/2020","UIDB\/04033\/2020","2022.07303.PTDC\/FCT","2022.10305.PTDC\/FCT","UIDB\/50006\/2020","UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fluorescent labels are key tools in a wide range of modern scientific applications, such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, histochemistry, direct and indirect immunochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Small fluorescent labels have important practical advantages as they allow maximizing the fluorescence signal by binding multiple fluorophores to a single biomolecule. At present, the most widely used fluorescent labels available present small Stokes shifts and are too costly to be used in routine applications. In this work we present four new coumarin derivatives, as promising and inexpensive fluorescent labels for biomolecules, obtained through a cost-effective, efficient, and straightforward synthetic strategy. Density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the electronic ground and lowest-lying singlet excited states were carried out in order to gain insights into the observed photophysical properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28196822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T01:51:14Z","timestamp":1695865874000},"page":"6822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Rational Design of Cost-Effective 4-Styrylcoumarin Fluorescent Derivatives for Biomolecule Labeling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2919-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Eust\u00e1quio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, IN2PAST\u2014Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory, University of \u00c9vora, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4419-6431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o P. Prates","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Technology, University of \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5409-6990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Teresa","family":"Caldeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, IN2PAST\u2014Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory, University of \u00c9vora, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Technology, University of \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"City U Macau Chair in Sustainable Heritage, Sino-Portugal Joint Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, University of \u00c9vora, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9553-1618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HERCULES Laboratory, IN2PAST\u2014Associate Laboratory for Research and Innovation in Heritage, Arts, Sustainability and Territory, University of \u00c9vora, Largo Marqu\u00eas de Marialva 8, 7000-809 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences and Technology, University of \u00c9vora, Rua Rom\u00e3o Ramalho 59, 7000-671 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e202200004","article-title":"Photophysical properties of fluorescent labels: A meta-analysis to guide probe selection amidst challenges with available data","volume":"2","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anal. 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