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Aerial parts of sea lavender were systematically collected across winter, spring, summer, and autumn seasons from distinct geographic locations in southern Portugal, specifically \u201cRia de Alvor\u201d in Portim\u00e3o and \u201cRia Formosa\u201d in Tavira. The investigation involved determining the total polyphenolic profile through spectrophotometric methods, establishing the chemical profile via liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS\/MS), and evaluating in vitro antioxidant properties using radical and metal-based methods, along with assessing anti-inflammatory capacity through a cell model. Results unveiled varying polyphenol levels and profiles across seasons, with spring and autumn samples exhibiting the highest content, accompanied by the most notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. Geographic location emerged as an influential factor, particularly distinguishing plants from \u201cRia de Alvor\u201d. Seasonal fluctuations were associated with environmental factors, including temperature, which, when excessively high, can impair plant metabolism, but also with the presence of flowers and seeds in spring and autumn samples, which also seems to contribute to elevated polyphenol levels and enhanced bioproperties of these samples. Additionally, genetic factors may be related to differences observed between ecotypes (geographical location). This study underscores sea lavender\u2019s potential as a natural source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, emphasizing the significance of considering both geographic location and seasonal dynamics in the assessment of phenolic composition and bioactive properties in medicinal plant species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29020481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T05:52:03Z","timestamp":1705557123000},"page":"481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Seasonal and Geographic Dynamics in Bioproperties and Phytochemical Profile of Limonium algarvense Erben"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1131-8773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina Guerreiro","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR\/CIMAR LA), Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8732-710X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR\/CIMAR LA), Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5797-7336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabela","family":"Nawrot-Hadzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7283-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Matkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4338-7703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00edsa","family":"Cust\u00f3dio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR\/CIMAR LA), Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Castroviejo, S., Aedo, C., Cirujano, S., Lainz, M., Montserrat, P., Morales, R., Garmendia, F.M., Navarro, C., Paiva, J., and Soriano, C. 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