{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T01:33:17Z","timestamp":1776475997107,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science, Research, and Innovation Fund (Fundamental Fund of Khon Kaen University)","award":["65A103000143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["65A103000143"]}]},{"name":"National Science, Research, and Innovation Fund (Fundamental Fund of Khon Kaen University)","award":["3-(1)\/2563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3-(1)\/2563"]}]},{"name":"National Science, Research, and Innovation Fund (Fundamental Fund of Khon Kaen University)","award":["65-1(1)\/65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["65-1(1)\/65"]}]},{"name":"Khon Kaen University","award":["65A103000143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["65A103000143"]}]},{"name":"Khon Kaen University","award":["3-(1)\/2563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3-(1)\/2563"]}]},{"name":"Khon Kaen University","award":["65-1(1)\/65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["65-1(1)\/65"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diacetylcurcumin manganese complex (DiAc-Cp-Mn) is a diacetylcurcumin (DiAc-Cp) derivative synthesized with Mn (II) to mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD). It exhibited superior reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging efficacy, particularly for the superoxide radical. The present study investigated the ROS scavenging activity, neuroprotective effects, and underlying mechanism of action of DiAc-Cp-Mn in a cellular model of Parkinson\u2019s disease. This study utilized rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells to assess the activities of DiAc-Cp-Mn by measuring cell viability, intracellular ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), SOD, and catalase (CAT) activities. The mRNA expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and Interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), which are oxidative and inflammatory genes, were also evaluated to clarify the molecular mechanism. The results of the in vitro assays showed that DiAc-Cp-Mn exhibited greater scavenging activity against superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals compared to DiAc-Cp. In cell-based assays, DiAc-Cp-Mn demonstrated greater neuroprotective effects against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity when compared to its parent compound, DiAc-Cp. DiAc-Cp-Mn maintained MMP levels, reduced intracellular ROS levels, and increased the activities of SOD and CAT by activating the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway. In addition, DiAc-Cp-Mn exerted its anti-inflammatory impact by down-regulating the mRNA expression of iNOS and IL-1\u03b2 that provoked neuro-inflammation. The current study indicates that DiAc-Cp-Mn protects against rotenone-induced neuronal damage by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29050957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T07:33:56Z","timestamp":1708673636000},"page":"957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effect of Diacetylcurcumin Manganese Complex on Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress, Mitochondria Dysfunction, and Inflammation in the SH-SY5Y Parkinson\u2019s Disease Cell Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ekanong","family":"Pirunkaset","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4065-6090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chantana","family":"Boonyarat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9926-7092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juthamart","family":"Maneenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"},{"name":"Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0154, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9927-0670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charinya","family":"Khamphukdee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2051-9953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Supawadee","family":"Daodee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"given":"Orawan","family":"Monthakantirat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5299-193X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suresh","family":"Awale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0154, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3321-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anake","family":"Kijjoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICBAS-Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7317-8721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaowared","family":"Chulikhit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olufunmilayo, E.O., Gerke-Duncan, M.B., and Holsinger, R.M.D. (2023). 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