{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T05:39:53Z","timestamp":1768973993935,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Microplastics (MPs) contribute to the overall pollution of water sources, affecting not only aquatic ecosystems but also water for human consumption (WHC). Currently, there needs to be a global consensus on safe levels of microplastics in WHC, which will allow regulatory efforts and risk assessments to be carried out. Therefore, this study aims to characterize MP particles in WHC of the Lisbon water supply system (LWSS) and compare two approaches to quantify these particles (length and width of the particles, and the area equivalent diameter (AED) of the particles). The quantification of MP particles was made via micro-FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) on transmission mode after water filtration on 5 \u00b5m silicon filters. Thirty-eight WHC samples from the LWSS showed MPs up to 836 MPs\/L, with an average value of 196 MPs\/L. The most representative polymer was polyethylene (PE, 77.2%). The other eight polymers were also quantified. The length and width of MPs ranged between 84 \u00b5m and 41 \u00b5m, respectively. The AED of MPs ranged between 24 \u00b5m and 405 \u00b5m. The MP dimensions of both approaches can differ significantly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29184426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]],"date-time":"2024-09-18T09:49:19Z","timestamp":1726652959000},"page":"4426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Profile and Different Approaches for Size Characterization of Microplastics in Drinking Water from the Lisbon Water Supply System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo D. M.","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Laborat\u00f3rios, Empresa Portuguesa das \u00c1guas Livres, S.A.\u2014EPAL, 1250-144 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Vitor V.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Laborat\u00f3rios, Empresa Portuguesa das \u00c1guas Livres, S.A.\u2014EPAL, 1250-144 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui N.","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Laborat\u00f3rios, Empresa Portuguesa das \u00c1guas Livres, S.A.\u2014EPAL, 1250-144 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6872-9127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina M. M.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Bromatologia e Qualidade da \u00c1gua, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"iMed. UL, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2018JC014719","DOI":"10.1029\/2018JC014719","article-title":"A Global Perspective on Microplastics","volume":"125","author":"Hale","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Ocean"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) (2016). Marine Plastic Debris and Microplastics\u2014Global Lessons and Research to Inspire Action and Guide Policy Change, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2024, July 04). Plastics Europe. 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