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(ERDF)","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["UI\/BD\/151319\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/151319\/2021"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)","award":["PD\/BDE\/142926\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BDE\/142926\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04423\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["UI\/BD\/151319\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/151319\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. grants","award":["PD\/BDE\/142926\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BDE\/142926\/2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The pursuit of cosmetic ingredients with proven efficacy and safety that meet consumer needs drives the advancement of new products. Ascorbic acid (AA) is utilized in cosmetic products, predominantly for its potent antioxidant properties. Nonetheless, its instability compromises its efficacy. In this work, ascorbyl 2-O-glucoside persulfate (AAGS) was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated regarding its safety profile and potential bioactivities and the results were compared to AA and its glycoside AAG. Pre-formulation studies were performed to assess the stability of the compounds and their compatibility with typical excipients commonly used in topical formulations. AAGS did not affect the metabolic activity of keratinocyte, macrophage, and monocyte cell lines, up to 500 \u00b5M. AAGS also exhibited a non-prooxidant and non-sensitizing profile and anti-allergic activity by impeding the allergen-induced maturation of THP-1 cells. When compared to AA and AAG, AAGS was shown to be more stable at pH values between 5 and 7, as well as superior thermostability and photostability. AAGS demonstrated higher stability in metal solutions of Fe(II) and Mg(II) than AA. AAGS demonstrated similar DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to AA. These results provide useful information for the development of new AA derivatives, highlighting AAGS as a novel cosmetic ingredient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29194604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T11:19:33Z","timestamp":1727435973000},"page":"4604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Persulfated Ascorbic Acid Glycoside as a Safe and Stable Derivative of Ascorbic Acid for Skin Care Application"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7425-9750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Jesus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4150-8532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Correia-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Confraria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3705-673X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Brites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1687-2968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana I.","family":"Sebasti\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3391-543X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myl\u00e8ne","family":"Carrascal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Labor Qualitas, Tecnimede Group, Rua da Tapada Grande, Abrunheira, 2710-089 Sintra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4676-1409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madalena","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0715-1779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honorina","family":"Cidade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"UNIPRO\u2014Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1152-3398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9846-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria T.","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CNC\u2014Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5397-4672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Em\u00edlia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1498-048X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel F.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB\u2014Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, 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