{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:19:12Z","timestamp":1777349952791,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UIDB\/04501\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04501\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UIDP\/04501\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04501\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UI\/BD\/151354\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/151354\/2021"]}]},{"name":"FCT through the individual PhD grant","award":["UIDB\/04501\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04501\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT through the individual PhD grant","award":["UIDP\/04501\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04501\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT through the individual PhD grant","award":["UI\/BD\/151354\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UI\/BD\/151354\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease is a challenge in modern healthcare due to its complex etiology and increasing prevalence. Despite advances, further understanding of Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathophysiology is needed, particularly the role of A\u03b2 neurotoxic peptide. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has shown potential as a screening tool for several pathologies, including Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nonetheless, limited research has explored A\u03b2 direct effects on neurons and extracellular vesicles metabolic profiles. Hence, this study aims to investigate A\u03b2 impact on the spectroscopic profiles of neuronal-like cells (N2a) and N2a-derived extracellular vesicles, employing FTIR spectroscopy and focusing on the 1280\u2013900 cm\u22121 region. A comprehensive analysis of spectral data was carried out, including multivariate partial least squares (PLS) analysis and peak intensities analysis. PLS analysis revealed moderate to strong correlations within this spectral region for both N2a and N2a-derived extracellular vesicles. The peak intensity analysis revealed additional peaks with significant differences in EVs\u2019 spectra relative to N2a, following A\u03b2 treatment. Specifically, A\u03b2 seems to cause alterations in protein phosphorylation and in the nucleic acids content of extracellular vesicles. These findings support that A\u03b2\u2019s role in Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology may be mediated by extracellular vesicles and highlight FTIR\u2019s potential for advancing Alzheimer\u2019s disease research and clinical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30020258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T06:25:54Z","timestamp":1736490354000},"page":"258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis as a Tool to Address A\u03b2 Impact on Extracellular Vesicles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5425-1495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida","family":"Vaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Signalling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3017-2092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00e2nia","family":"Soares Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Signalling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3404-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Leandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"ViraVector\u2013Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5831-3307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Pereira","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"ViraVector\u2013Viral Vector for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3718-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Odete A. B.","family":"da Cruz e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Signalling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0595-5821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0851-6979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Gabriela","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Signalling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021). 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