{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T04:19:08Z","timestamp":1778127548932,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00100\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["IMS\u2014LA\/P\/0056\/2020UIDB\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IMS\u2014LA\/P\/0056\/2020UIDB\/00100\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aceclofenac (ACF), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was obtained in its amorphous state by cooling from melt. The glass transition was investigated using dielectric and calorimetric techniques, namely, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS), thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC), and conventional and temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC and TM-DSC). The dynamic behavior in both the glassy and supercooled liquid states revealed multiple relaxation processes. Well below the glass transition, DRS was able to resolve two secondary relaxations, \u03b3 and \u03b2, the latter of which was also detectable by TSDC. The kinetic parameters indicated that both processes are associated with localized motions within the molecule. The main (\u03b1) relaxation was clearly observed by DRS and TSDC, and results from both techniques confirmed a non-Arrhenian temperature dependence of the relaxation times. However, the glass transition temperature (Tg) extrapolated from DRS data significantly differed from that obtained via TSDC, which in turn showed reasonable agreement with the calorimetric Tg (Tg-DSC = 9.2 \u00b0C). The values of the fragility index calculated by the three experimental techniques converged in attributing the character of a moderately fragile glass former to ACF. Above the \u03b1 relaxation, TSDC showed a well-defined peak. In DRS, after \u201cremoving\u201d the high-conductivity contribution using \u03b5\u2019 derivative analysis, a peak with shape parameters \u03b1HN = \u03b2HN = 1 was also detected. The origin of these peaks, found in the full supercooled liquid state, has been discussed in the context of structural and dynamic heterogeneity. This is supported by significant differences observed between the FTIR spectra of the amorphous and crystalline samples, which are likely related to aggregation differences resulting from variations in the hydrogen bonds between the two phases. Additionally, the pronounced decoupling between translational and relaxational motions, as deduced from the low value of the fractional exponent x = 0.72, derived from the fractional Debye\u2013Stokes\u2013Einstein (FDSE) relationship, further supports this interpretation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30030681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T05:55:22Z","timestamp":1738648522000},"page":"681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dynamic Behavior of the Glassy and Supercooled Liquid States of Aceclofenac Assessed by Dielectric and Calorimetric Techniques"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8574-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Teresa","family":"Viciosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joaquim J.","family":"Moura Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6289-4554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rosa","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Farm\u00e1cia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0808-1306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herm\u00ednio P.","family":"Diogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-022-05055-3","article-title":"Effect of drug aceclofenac on physico-chemical properties of mixed micellar systems","volume":"4","author":"Sheelarani","year":"2022","journal-title":"SN Appl. 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