{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:07:56Z","timestamp":1770746876254,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011596","name":"Conselleria d'Educaci\u00f3, Investigaci\u00f3, Cultura i Esport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APOSTD\/2018\/228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APOSTD\/2018\/228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011596","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004233","name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PAID-10-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PAID-10-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004233","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IJCI-2015-26432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IJCI-2015-26432"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RYC-2014-15595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC-2014-15595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To use shape memory materials based on poly (lactic acid) (PLA) for medical applications is essential to tune their transition temperature (Ttrans) near to the human body temperature. In this study, the combination of lactic acid oligomer (OLA), acting as a plasticizer, together with chitosan-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgCH-NPs) to create PLA matrices is studied to obtain functional shape memory polymers for potential medical applications. PLA\/OLA nanocomposites containing different amounts of AgCH-NPs were obtained and profusely characterized relating their structure with their antimicrobial and shape memory performances. Nanocomposites exhibited shape memory responses at the temperature of interest (near physiological one), as well as excellent shape memory responses, shorter recovery times and higher recovery ratios (over 100%) when compared to neat materials. Moreover, antibacterial activity tests confirmed biocidal activity; therefore, these functional polymer nanocomposites with shape memory, degradability and biocidal activity show great potential for soft actuation applications in the medical field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10061065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T11:49:21Z","timestamp":1591012161000},"page":"1065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Biodegradable and Antimicrobial PLA\u2013OLA Blends Containing Chitosan-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles with Shape Memory Properties for Potential Medical Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Agueda","family":"Sonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Salim","family":"Madani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas, Setif 19000, Algeria"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0210-1246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Bonilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2061-0351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6542-091X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Peponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Leon\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0734-766X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Coro","family":"Echeverr\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6386-5798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacroEng Group, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de Pol\u00edmeros, ICTP-CSIC, C\/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Plataform for \u201cSustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy\u201d (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/12_2009_23","article-title":"Shape-Memory Polymers for Biomedical Applications","volume":"Volume 226","author":"Lendlein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shape-Memory Polymers. Advances in Polymer Science Series"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1586\/erd.10.8","article-title":"Shape-memory polymers as a technology platform for biomedical applications","volume":"7","author":"Lendlein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Med. Devices"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201200097","article-title":"Recent insights into the biomedical applications of shape-memory polymers","volume":"12","author":"Serrano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5713","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-009-3770-7","article-title":"A review on biodegradable polymeric materials for bone tissue engineering applications","volume":"44","author":"Sabir","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms10020589","article-title":"Biodegradable polydepsipeptides","volume":"10","author":"Feng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.1994.021950516","article-title":"(Co)polymers of L-lactide, 2. Mechanical properties","volume":"195","author":"Grijpma","year":"1994","journal-title":"Macromol. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-2012-1105.ch003","article-title":"Toughening modification of poly(lactic acid) via melt blending","volume":"1105","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACS Symp. Ser."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.200600020","article-title":"Synthesis, Shape-Memory Functionality and Hydrolytical Degradation Studies on Polymer Networks from Poly(rac-lactide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(rac-lactide) dimethacrylates","volume":"8","author":"Choi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Eng. Mater."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.200700339","article-title":"Amorphous, elastic AB copolymer networks from acrylates and poly[(L-lactide)-ran-glycolide]dimetfiacrylates","volume":"10","author":"Kelch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Eng. Mater."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.865","article-title":"Effect of comonomer on thermal\/mechanical and shape memory property of L-lactide-based shape-memory copolymers","volume":"18","author":"Min","year":"2007","journal-title":"Polym. Adv. Technol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2009.12.017","article-title":"Hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation of poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-D,L-lactide) random copolymers with shape memory behavior","volume":"46","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Liu, C., and Mather, P.T. (2003, January 4\u20138). Thermomechanical characterization of blends of poly(vinyl acetate) with semicrystalline polymers for shape memory applications. Proceedings of the 61st Annual Technical Conference ANTEC 2003, Nashville, TN, USA."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2009.10.063","article-title":"Novel degradable compound shape-memory-polymer blend: Mechanical and shape-memory properties","volume":"64","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2018.04.012","article-title":"Effect of the addition of polyester-grafted-cellulose nanocrystals on the shape memory properties of biodegradable PLA\/PCL nanocomposites","volume":"152","author":"Sessini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.014","article-title":"Shape memory effect on electrospun PLA-based fibers tailoring their thermal response","volume":"117","author":"Sonseca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034513497754","article-title":"Current perspectives: Calcium phosphate nanocoatings and nanocomposite coatings in dentistry","volume":"92","author":"Choi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.11.011","article-title":"Antibacterial dental resin composites","volume":"75","author":"Beyth","year":"2014","journal-title":"React. Funct. Polym."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-3155-12-3","article-title":"Development of a novel antimicrobial-releasing glass ionomer cement functionalized with chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate nanoparticles","volume":"12","author":"Hook","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.34376","article-title":"Dopamine-assisted immobilization of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and RGD peptides to improve the osteoconductivity of titanium","volume":"101 A","author":"Chien","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sonseca, A., Madani, S., Rodr\u00edguez, G., Hevilla, V., Echeverr\u00eda, C., Fern\u00e1ndez-Garc\u00eda, M., Mu\u00f1oz-Bonilla, A., Charef, N., and L\u00f3pez, D. (2020). Multifunctional PLA blends containing chitosan mediated silver nanoparticles: Thermal, mechanical, antibacterial, and degradation properties. Nanomaterials, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10061065"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2009.09.001","article-title":"The synthesis of chitosan-based silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity","volume":"344","author":"Wei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.flm.2018.04.002","article-title":"Synthesis of chitosan mediated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for potential antimicrobial applications","volume":"2","author":"Kalaivani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Lab. Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-7021(07)70047-0","article-title":"Shape-memory polymers","volume":"10","author":"Behl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/12_2009_25","article-title":"Characterization Methods for Shape-Memory Polymers","volume":"226","author":"Wagermaier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-007-2176-7","article-title":"Recent advances in shape memory polymers and composites: A review","volume":"43","author":"Ratna","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"ASTM E2149-13a (2013). Standard Test Method for Determining the Antimicrobial Activity of Antimicrobial Agents under Dynamic Contact Conditions, ASTM International."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1039\/C8PY01210E","article-title":"Insights into the structural dynamics of poly lactic-: Co-glycolic acid at terahertz frequencies","volume":"10","author":"Shmool","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polym. Chem."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Frequency Dependence of Glass Transition Temperatures (2020, May 10). Applications Notes Library, TA Instruments, Thermal Analysis, Rheology, TA423. Available online: https:\/\/www.tainstruments.com\/applications-library-search\/."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5014","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-006-0111-y","article-title":"Influence of CdS-filler on the thermal properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)","volume":"41","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827028","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/827028","article-title":"Effects of Inorganic Fillers on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(lactic acid)","volume":"2014","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2005.11.035","article-title":"Synthesis and shape memory effects of Si\u2013O\u2013Si cross-linked hybrid polyurethanes","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Polymer (Guildf)"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0144-8617(92)90129-E","article-title":"The glass transition of amylopectin measured by DSC, DMTA and NMR","volume":"18","author":"Kalichevsky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2005.05.065","article-title":"Crystallization kinetics and interfacial behaviors of polypropylene composites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes","volume":"404","author":"Seo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. A"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4628(19971121)66:8<1495::AID-APP10>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Biodegradable Polymer Blends of Poly (lactic acid) and Poly (ethylene glycol)","volume":"66","author":"Sheth","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polymer Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s10973-010-1150-9","article-title":"Glass transition activation energy of CdS\/PMMA nano-composite and its dependence on composition of CdS nano-particles","volume":"106","author":"Patidar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Therm. Anal. Calorim."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2009.01.032","article-title":"Surprising shape-memory effect of polylactide resulted from toughening by polyamide elastomer","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Polymer (Guildf)"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2009.01.011","article-title":"A novel type of shape memory polymer blend and the shape memory mechanism","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Polymer (Guildf)"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s10965-013-0140-6","article-title":"Shape memory properties of melt-blended polylactic acid (PLA)\/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) bio-based blends","volume":"20","author":"Lai","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Polym. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2012.11.001","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of PCL\u2013PLLA polyurethane with shape memory behavior","volume":"49","author":"Peponi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2018.02.019","article-title":"Thermally-activated shape memory effect on biodegradable nanocomposites based on PLA\/PCL blend reinforced with hydroxyapatite","volume":"151","author":"Peponi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."}],"container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-4991\/10\/6\/1065\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:34:04Z","timestamp":1760175244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-4991\/10\/6\/1065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["nano10061065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano10061065","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-4991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-4991","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]]}}}