{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:18:44Z","timestamp":1778653124476,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC); and PDEQB (PD9989)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC); and PDEQB (PD9989)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DL57\/2016 Transitory Norm Programme"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL57\/2016 Transitory Norm Programme"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cascade dehydration of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was carried out in water over a series of Nb2O5 catalysts, which were derived from the thermal treatment of niobic acid at 300 and 550 \u00b0C, under air or inert atmosphere. Amorphous niobic acid showed high surface area (366 m2\/g) and large acidity (2.35 mmol\/g). With increasing the temperature of the thermal treatment up to 550 \u00b0C, the amorphous Nb2O5 was gradually transformed into a pseudohexagonal phase, resulting in a decrease in surface area (27\u201339 m2\/g) and total acidity (0.05\u20130.19 mmol\/g). The catalysts\u2019 performance in cascade dehydration of glucose realized in pure water was strongly influenced by the total acidity of these materials. A remarkable yield of 37% HMF in one-pot reaction in water was achieved using mesoporous amorphous niobium oxide prepared by thermal treatment of niobic acid at 300 \u00b0C in air. The best-performing catalyst displayed a total acidity lower than niobic acid (1.69 mmol\/g) which afforded a correct balance between a high glucose conversion and limited further conversion of the target product to numerous polymers and humins. On the other hand, the treatment of niobic acid at 550 \u00b0C, independently of the atmosphere used during the sample preparation (i.e., air or N2), resulted in Nb2O5 catalysts with a high ratio of Lewis to Br\u00f8nsted acid sites and poor total acidity. These materials excelled at catalyzing the isomerization step in the tandem process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10091685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T08:05:18Z","timestamp":1598515518000},"page":"1685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Impact of Thermal Treatment of Nb2O5 on Its Performance in Glucose Dehydration to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Water"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0907-3340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Morawa Eblagon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Malaika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna\u0144, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 8, 61-614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Ptaszynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna\u0144, Uniwersytetu Pozna\u0144skiego 8, 61-614 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5447-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Fernando R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0395-8199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s\/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4934","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201800649","article-title":"Cutting the Green Waste. 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