{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T10:12:39Z","timestamp":1766830359520,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50011\/2020 & UIDP\/50011\/2020","UIDB\/50017\/2020 & UIDP\/50017\/2020","PD\/BD\/115621\/2016","CEECIND\/04050\/2017","CEECIND\/00263\/2018","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000001","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50011\/2020 & UIDP\/50011\/2020","UIDB\/50017\/2020 & UIDP\/50017\/2020","PD\/BD\/115621\/2016","CEECIND\/04050\/2017","CEECIND\/00263\/2018","CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000001","POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031794"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibacterial multi-layered patches composed of an oxidized bacterial cellulose (OBC) membrane loaded with dexpanthenol (DEX) and coated with several chitosan (CH) and alginate (ALG) layers were fabricated by spin-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. Four patches with a distinct number of layers (5, 11, 17, and 21) were prepared. These nanostructured multi-layered patches reveal a thermal stability up to 200 \u00b0C, high mechanical performance (Young\u2019s modulus \u2265 4 GPa), and good moisture-uptake capacity (240\u2013250%). Moreover, they inhibited the growth of the skin pathogen Staphylococcus aureus (3.2\u2013log CFU mL\u22121 reduction) and were non-cytotoxic to human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). The in vitro release profile of DEX was prolonged with the increasing number of layers, and the time-dependent data imply a diffusion\/swelling-controlled drug release mechanism. In addition, the in vitro wound healing assay demonstrated a good cell migration capacity, headed to a complete gap closure after 24 h. These results certify the potential of these multi-layered polysaccharides-based patches toward their application in wound healing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10122469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:45:03Z","timestamp":1607561103000},"page":"2469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Antibacterial Multi-Layered Nanocellulose-Based Patches Loaded with Dexpanthenol for Wound Healing Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Daniela F. S.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2013Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3166-450X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o P. F.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2013Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9882-4766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Moreirinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2013Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8422-8664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelaide","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5403-8416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando J. D.","family":"Silvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2013Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9212-2704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2013Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carmen S. R.","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO\u2013Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2016.1214568","article-title":"Multilayered materials based on biopolymers as drug delivery systems","volume":"14","author":"Vilela","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.05.008","article-title":"Bacterial cellulose production, properties and applications with different culture methods\u2014A review","volume":"219","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carbohydr. 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