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A sensor was developed for the direct analysis of MDPV by transducing its oxidation signal by means of an electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer (e-MIP) built in-situ on the screen-printed carbon electrode\u2019s (SPCE) surface previously covered with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Benzene-1,2-diamine was used as the functional monomer while the analyte was used as the template monomer. Each step of the sensor\u2019s development was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a solution containing ferricyanide, however no redox probe was required for the actual MDPV measurements. The interaction between the poly(o-phenylenediamine) imprinted polymer and MDPV was studied by density-functional theory (DFT) methods. The SPCE-MWCNT-AgNP-MIP sensor responded adequately to the variation of MDPV concentration. It was shown that AgNPs enhanced the electrochemical signal by around a 3-fold factor. Making use of square-wave voltammetry (SWV) the developed sensor provided a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.8 \u03bcmol L\u20131. The analytical performance of the proposed sensor paves the way to the development of a portable device for MDPV on-site sensing to be applied in forensic and doping analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11020353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T05:16:28Z","timestamp":1612156588000},"page":"353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) Sensing Based on Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymers on Silver Nanoparticles and Carboxylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5209-5986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa A. S.","family":"Couto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-213 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Constantino","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-213 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Bassim","family":"Mounssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Fundamental, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Sara F. de A.","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Fundamental, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Camila D.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG 39100-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6585-9930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wallans T. P.","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG 39100-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3858-3494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, UCIBIO, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-213 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4829-754X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cec\u00edlia M. P.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7392-3701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ataualpa A. C.","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Fundamental, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4290-656X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Moreira","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Fundamental, Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), S\u00e3o Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"M. Beatriz","family":"Quinaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE, LAQV, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-213 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-017-9894-1","article-title":"A case of fatal idiosyncratic reaction to the designer drug 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"Desharnais","year":"2017","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Med. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2011.6.6782","article-title":"Bath salts: The ivory wave of trouble","volume":"13","author":"Olives","year":"2012","journal-title":"West. J. Emerg. 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