{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:01:27Z","timestamp":1762254087393,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/CTM-CTM\/31579\/2017\u2014POCI-01-0145-FEDER- 031579","UIDB\/EMS\/00285\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CTM-CTM\/31579\/2017\u2014POCI-01-0145-FEDER- 031579","UIDB\/EMS\/00285\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diffusion bonding of Ti6Al4V to Al2O3 using Ni\/Ti reactive nanomultilayers as interlayer material was investigated. For this purpose, Ni\/Ti multilayer thin films with 12, 25, and 60 nm modulation periods (bilayer thickness) were deposited by d.c. magnetron sputtering onto the base materials\u2019 surface. The joints were processed at 750 and 800 \u00b0C with a dwell time of 60 min and under a pressure of 5 MPa. Microstructural characterization of the interfaces was conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical characterization of the joints was performed by nanoindentation, and hardness and reduced Young\u2019s modulus distribution maps were obtained across the interfaces. The joints processed at 800 \u00b0C using the three modulation periods were successful, showing the feasibility of using these nanolayered films to improve the diffusion bonding of dissimilar materials. Using modulation periods of 25 and 60 nm, it was also possible to reduce the bonding temperature to 750 \u00b0C and obtain a sound interface. The interfaces are mainly composed of NiTi and NiTi2 phases. The nanoindentation experiments revealed that the hardness and reduced Young\u2019s modulus at the interfaces reflect the observed microstructure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12040706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T20:47:45Z","timestamp":1645476465000},"page":"706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Joining of Ti6Al4V to Al2O3 Using Nanomultilayers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7049-1245","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Marcionilo","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Amazonas, General Rodrigo Octavio Jord\u00e3o Ramos ST., Manaus 69067-005, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"University of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, R. Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8486-5436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, R. Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9981-3826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Coimbra, CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, R. Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4670-4516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAETA\/INEGI\u2014Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Rua. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.04.047","article-title":"Recent advances and development in joining ceramics to metals","volume":"46","author":"Mir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sim\u00f5es, S. (2018). Recent Progress in the Joining of Titanium Alloys to Ceramics. 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