{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:52:19Z","timestamp":1773708739068,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese \u201cFunda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/00081\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00081\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese \u201cFunda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0056\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>UV-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) (UV\/H2O2 and UV\/S2O82\u2212) with a titanium(IV)-doped carbon dot, TiP-CD, as a catalyst were developed for the decomposition of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (Reactive Blue 19), an anthraquinone textile dye (at T = 25 \u00b0C and pH = 7). The Ti-CD, with marked catalytic UV properties, was successfully synthesized by the one-pot hydrothermal procedure, using L-cysteine as carbon precursor, ethylenediamine as nitrogen source, PEG (polyethylene glycol) as a capping agent, and titanium(IV) isopropoxide (precursor of TiO2 doping). Contrary to azo dyes (methyl orange, orange II sodium salt, and reactive black 5), which achieved complete degradation in a time interval less than 30 min in the developed AOP systems (UV\/H2O2, UV\/S2O82\u2212, and UV\/TiO2), the RBB-R showed relatively low degradation rates and low discoloration rate constants. In the presence of the catalyzer, the reaction rate significantly increased, and the pseudo-first-order rate constants for the RBB-R discoloration were UV\/3.0 mM H2O2\/TIP-CD-0.0330 min\u22121 and UV\/1.02 mM S2O82\u2212\/TIP-CD-0.0345 min\u22121.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12122116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T04:39:55Z","timestamp":1655786395000},"page":"2116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["UV-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dye Catalyzed by Carbon Dots"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"In\u00eas M. F.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS)\u2013DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita M. F.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS)\u2013DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5647-8455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Pinto da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS)\u2013DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8478-3441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim C. G.","family":"Esteves da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS)\u2013DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"The World Bank (2022, April 18). How Much Do Our Wardrobes Cost to the Environment?. Available online: https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/feature\/2019\/09\/23\/costo-moda-medio-ambiente."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"European Parliament News (2022, April 18). The Impact of Textile Production and Waste on the Environment (Infographic). Available online: https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/news\/en\/headlines\/society\/20201208STO93327\/the-impact-of-textile-production-and-waste-on-the-environment-infographic."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"ECOS (2022, April 18). 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