{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T08:49:27Z","timestamp":1774774167666,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project PRESAGE","award":["Aquatic\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Aquatic\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Project PRESAGE","award":["869178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["869178"]}]},{"name":"Project PRESAGE","award":["UIDB\/00511\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00511\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Project PRESAGE","award":["UIDP\/00511\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00511\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Project 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IMS","award":["869178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["869178"]}]},{"name":"CIQUP and LA\/P\/0056\/2020 of Associated Laboratory IMS","award":["UIDB\/00511\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00511\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CIQUP and LA\/P\/0056\/2020 of Associated Laboratory IMS","award":["UIDP\/00511\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00511\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CIQUP and LA\/P\/0056\/2020 of Associated Laboratory IMS","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CIQUP and LA\/P\/0056\/2020 of Associated Laboratory IMS","award":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC)"]}]},{"name":"CIQUP and LA\/P\/0056\/2020 of Associated Laboratory IMS","award":["UIDB\/00081\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00081\/2020"]}]},{"name":"CIQUP and LA\/P\/0056\/2020 of Associated Laboratory IMS","award":["UIDP\/00081\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00081\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work studies the antimicrobial activity of benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride (BDMDAC)-coated microparticles with distinct morphological structures. Functionalized microparticles were prepared by the layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique on hydroxyapatite (Hap), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and glass beads (GB) cores. All particles were characterized, before and after functionalization, by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunner\u2013Emmett\u2013Teller (BET) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses. Antimicrobial activity was tested against planktonic Pseudomonas fluorescens. Planktonic bacteria were exposed to 100 mg\/L, 200 mg\/L and 400 mg\/L of BDMDAC-coated microparticles for 240 min. This strategy promoted a complete bacteria reduction at 200 mg\/L for Hap microparticles after 240 min. No release of biocide was detected through HPLC analyses during 2 weeks, suggesting that bacteria inactivation may be attributed to a contact killing mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13233067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T13:45:41Z","timestamp":1701524741000},"page":"3067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Microparticles as BDMDAC (Quaternary Ammonium Compound) Carriers for Water Disinfection: A Layer-by-Layer Approach without Biocide Release"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Redondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Moleculares\/Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Qu\u00edmica da Universidade do Porto (IMS\/CIQUP), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8392-9581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Moleculares\/Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Qu\u00edmica da Universidade do Porto (IMS\/CIQUP), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8469-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds F.","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEPABE\u2014Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ALiCE\u2014Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Bartlett, K., and Kramer, J. (2011, January 13\u201317). Comparative Performance of Industrial Water Treatment Biocides. Proceedings of the CORROSION 2011, Houston, TX, USA."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maes, S., Vackier, T., Nguyen Huu, S., Heyndrickx, M., Steenackers, H., Sampers, I., Raes, K., Verplaetse, A., and De Reu, K. (2019). Occurrence and characterisation of biofilms in drinking water systems of broiler houses. BMC Microbiol., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1451-5"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aljeldah, M.M. (2022). Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Spread Is a Global Threat. Antibiotics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11081082"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Gurtler, V., ABall, S., and Soni, S. (2019). 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