{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T01:36:25Z","timestamp":1773797785430,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/04650\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04650\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/04650\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04650\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/50011\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50011\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/50011\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50011\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0037\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0037\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/50025\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50025\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/50025\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50025\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work reports on the design, development, and characterization of novel magneto-plasmonic elastic liposomes (MPELs) of DPPC:SP80 (85:15) containing Mg0.75Ca0.25Fe2O4 nanoparticles coupled with gold nanorods, for topical application of photothermal therapy (PTT). Both magnetic and plasmonic components were characterized regarding their structural, morphological, magnetic and photothermal properties. The magnetic nanoparticles display a cubic shape and a size (major axis) of 37 \u00b1 3 nm, while the longitudinal and transverse sizes of the nanorods are 46 \u00b1 7 nm and 12 \u00b1 1.6 nm, respectively. A new methodology was employed to couple the magnetic and plasmonic nanostructures, using cysteine as bridge. The potential for photothermia was evaluated for the magnetic nanoparticles, gold nanorods and the coupled magnetic\/plasmonic nanoparticles, which demonstrated a maximum temperature variation of 28.9 \u00b0C, 33.6 \u00b0C and 37.2 \u00b0C, respectively, during a 30 min NIR-laser irradiation of 1 mg\/mL dispersions. Using fluorescence anisotropy studies, a phase transition temperature (Tm) of 35 \u00b0C was estimated for MPELs, which ensures an enhanced fluidity crucial for effective crossing of the skin layers. The photothermal potential of this novel nanostructure corresponds to a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 616.9 W\/g and a maximum temperature increase of 33.5 \u00b0C. These findings point to the development of thermoelastic nanocarriers with suitable features to act as photothermal hyperthermia agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano14080679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T11:13:02Z","timestamp":1713265982000},"page":"679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Elastic Liposomes Containing Calcium\/Magnesium Ferrite Nanoparticles Coupled with Gold Nanorods for Application in Photothermal Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8132-9363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita F.","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory LaPMET, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Margarida","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory LaPMET, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4148-4374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos O.","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department and i3N, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"V\u00edtor S.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Department and CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4426-9207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo J. G.","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory LaPMET, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6094-1713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita O.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory LaPMET, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5829-6081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabete M. S.","family":"Castanheira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory LaPMET, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2021.01.019","article-title":"Overcoming barriers by local drug delivery with liposomes","volume":"174","author":"Antimisiaris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Souto, E.S., Macedo, A.S., Dias-Ferreira, J., Cano, A., Zieli\u0144ska, A., and Matos, C.M. (2021). Elastic and Ultradeformable Liposomes for Transdermal Delivery of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22189743"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, August 07). Epidemiology and Management of Common Skin Diseases in Children in Developing Countries. Available online: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/69229\/WHO_FCH_CAH_05.12_eng.pdf."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105256","article-title":"Nano-elastic liposomes as multidrug carrier of sodium stibogluconate and ketoconazole: A potential new approach for the topical treatment of cutaneous Leishmaniasis","volume":"145","author":"Dar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4849","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.2c00569","article-title":"Topical Delivery of Elastic Liposomal Vesicles for Treatment of Middle and Inner Ear Diseases","volume":"5","author":"Sadabad","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2015.1124473","article-title":"Optimized permeation enhancer for topical delivery of 5-fluorouracil-loaded elastic liposome using Design Expert: Part II","volume":"23","author":"Hussain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.11.032","article-title":"Biocompatible nanoparticles and vesicular systems in transdermal drug delivery for various skin diseases","volume":"555","author":"Carter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2013.779252","article-title":"Skin permeation behavior of elastic liposomes: Role of formulation ingredients","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5087","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S138267","article-title":"Elastic liposomes as novel carriers: Recent advances in drug delivery","volume":"12","author":"Hussain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4157(76)90008-3","article-title":"The function of sterols in membranes","volume":"457","author":"Demel","year":"1976","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta BBA-Rev. Biomembr."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1936.02770140020007","article-title":"The temperature of the skin surface","volume":"106","author":"Bierman","year":"1936","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsadv.2021.100163","article-title":"Magnetic nanoparticles in biomedical applications: A review","volume":"6","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5847","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.2c01062","article-title":"Ca-Doped MgFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and Their Cytotoxicity in Normal and Cancer Cell Lines","volume":"5","author":"Manohar","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2007.07.024","article-title":"Preparation of fine Mg1\u2212XCaXFe2O4 powder using reverse coprecipitation method for thermal coagulation therapy in an ac magnetic field","volume":"461","author":"Hirazawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardoso, B.D., Rodrigues, A.R.O., Almeida, B.G., Amorim, C.O., Amaral, V.S., Castanheira, E.M.S., and Coutinho, P.J.G. (2020). Stealth Magnetoliposomes Based on Calcium-Substituted Magnesium Ferrite Nanoparticles for Curcumin Transport and Release. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103641"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardoso, B.D., Fernandes, D.E.M., Amorim, C.O., Amaral, V.S., Coutinho, P.J.G., Rodrigues, A.R.O., and Castanheira, E.M.S. (2023). Magnetoliposomes with Calcium-Doped Magnesium Ferrites Anchored in the Lipid Surface for Enhanced DOX Release. Nanomaterials, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13182597"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardoso, B.D., Rodrigues, A.R.O., Ba\u00f1obre-L\u00f3pez, M., Almeida, B.G., Amorim, C.O., Amaral, V.S., Coutinho, P.J.G., and Castanheira, E.M.S. (2021). Magnetoliposomes Based on Shape Anisotropic Calcium\/Magnesium Ferrite Nanoparticles as Nanocarriers for Doxorubicin. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13081248"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2018.09.014","article-title":"Synthesis of iron oxide nanorods for enhanced magnetic hyperthermia","volume":"469","author":"Nikitin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Magn. Magn. Mater."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1515\/ntrev-2022-0011","article-title":"Synthesis and encapsulation of iron oxide nanorods for application in magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal therapy","volume":"11","author":"Mona","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotechnol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2018.03.003","article-title":"Anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles: A review of their properties, syntheses and potential applications","volume":"95","author":"Lisjak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yougbar\u00e9, S., Mutalik, C., Chung, P.F., Krisnawati, D.I., Rinawati, F., Irawan, H., Kristanto, H., and Kuo, T.R. (2021). Gold Nanorod-Decorated Metallic MoS2 Nanosheets for Synergistic Photothermal and Photodynamic Antibacterial Therapy. Nanomaterials, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11113064"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2020.102144","article-title":"Comparison study on the effect of gold nanoparticles shape in the forms of star, hallow, cage, rods, and Si-Au and Fe-Au core-shell on photothermal cancer treatment","volume":"33","author":"Pakravan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn. Ther."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joe, A., Han, H.W., Lim, Y.R., Manivasagan, P., and Jang, E.S. (2024). Triphenylphosphonium-Functionalized Gold Nanorod\/Zinc Oxide Core\u2013Shell Nanocomposites for Mitochondrial-Targeted Phototherapy. Pharmaceutics, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16020284"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664123","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.664123","article-title":"Improvement of Gold Nanorods in Photothermal Therapy: Recent Progress and Perspective","volume":"12","author":"Liao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13342","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00422","article-title":"Gold Nanorods: The Most Versatile Plasmonic Nanoparticles","volume":"121","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24065","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CP02513D","article-title":"Hybrid nanoparticles for magnetic and plasmonic hyperthermia","volume":"20","author":"Ovejero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012051","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/2407\/1\/012051","article-title":"Plasmonic\/magnetic liposomes based on nanoparticles with multicore-shell architecture for chemo\/thermotherapy","volume":"2407","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Phys. D Conf. Ser."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.05.079","article-title":"Multifunctional gold coated iron oxide core-shell nanoparticles stabilized using thiolated sodium alginate for biomedical applications","volume":"80","author":"Sood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodrigues, A.R.O., Matos, J.O.G., Nova Dias, A.M., Almeida, B.G., Pires, A., Pereira, A.M., Ara\u00fajo, J.P., Queiroz, M.J.R.P., Castanheira, E.M.S., and Coutinho, P.J.G. (2019). Development of multifunctional liposomes containing magnetic\/plasmonic MnFe\u2082O\u2084\/Au core\/shell nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11010010"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2018.09.022","article-title":"Iron oxide-carbon core-shell nanoparticles for dual-modal imaging-guided photothermal therapy","volume":"289","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pacheco, A.R.F., Cardoso, B.D., Pires, A., Pereira, A.M., Ara\u00fajo, J.P., Carvalho, V.M., Rodrigues, R.O., Coutinho, P.J.G., Castelo-Grande, T., and Augusto, P.A. (2023). Development of pH-Sensitive Magnetoliposomes Containing Shape Anisotropic Nanoparticles for Potential Application in Combined Cancer Therapy. Nanomaterials, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13061051"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1039\/b604269d","article-title":"Oleic acid as the capping agent in the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles in imidazolium-based ionic liquids","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2022.155796","article-title":"Removal of the oleylamine capping agent from MnFe2O4 hollow spheres prepared by an Ostwald ripening mechanism","volume":"612","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1134\/S1061933X18050149","article-title":"Some Aspects of Seedless Synthesis of Gold Nanorods","volume":"80","author":"Salavatov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Colloid J."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ribeiro, B.C., Alvarez, C.A.R., Alves, B.C., Rodrigues, J.M., Queiroz, M.J.R.P., Almeida, B.G., Pires, A., Pereira, A.M., Ara\u00fajo, J.P., and Coutinho, P.J.G. (2022). Development of Thermo- and pH-Sensitive Liposomal Magnetic Carriers for New Potential Antitumor Thienopyridine Derivatives. Materials, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15051737"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.03.056","article-title":"Biocompatible phosphatidylcholine bilayer coated on magnetic nanoparticles and their application in the extraction of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water and milk samples","volume":"1238","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576715014685","article-title":"Profex: A graphical user interface for the Rietveld refinement program BGMN","volume":"48","author":"Doebelin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"5","article-title":"IUCr Commission on Powder Diffraction","volume":"20","author":"Bergmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Newsletter"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2019.1628313","article-title":"Evaluation of magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic fluid hyperthermia","volume":"36","author":"Lanier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2019.104784","article-title":"Behavior of the DPH fluorescence probe in membranes perturbed by drugs","volume":"223","author":"Poojari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-806X(98)00297-7","article-title":"Radiation induced oxidative damage modification by cholesterol in liposomal membrane","volume":"54","author":"Pandey","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiat. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jssc.2008.02.009","article-title":"Correlation between structural features and vis\u2013NIR spectra of \u03b1-Fe2O3 hematite and AFe2O4 spinel oxides (A = Mg, Zn)","volume":"181","author":"Wattiaux","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Solid State Chem."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28267","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CP05061A","article-title":"Effect of the degree of inversion on optical properties of spinel ZnFe2O4","volume":"20","author":"Granone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601289","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201601289","article-title":"Nuclear-Targeted Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles for Photothermal Therapy","volume":"6","author":"Peng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.06.015","article-title":"Magnetic nanoparticles coated with polyphenols for spatio-temporally controlled cancer photothermal\/immunotherapy","volume":"326","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2021.159475","article-title":"Iron-based magnetic nanoparticles for multimodal hyperthermia heating","volume":"871","author":"Xing","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c05486","article-title":"Fabricating Dual-Functional Plasmonic\u2013Magnetic Au@MgFe2O4 Nanohybrids for Photothermal Therapy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"7","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manivasagan, P., Ashokkumar, S., Manohar, A., Joe, A., Han, H.W., Seo, S.H., Thambi, T., Duong, H.S., Kaushik, N.K., and Kim, K.H. (2023). Biocompatible Calcium Ion-Doped Magnesium Ferrite Nanoparticles as a New Family of Photothermal Therapeutic Materials for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15051555"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17302","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA27058H","article-title":"Magnetoliposomes based on manganese ferrite nanoparticles as nanocarriers for antitumor drugs","volume":"6","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2016","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5574","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB00397C","article-title":"Hybrid Core\u2013Shell Nanoparticles for Cell-Specific Magnetic Separation and Photothermal Heating","volume":"11","author":"Jungwirth","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"362","article-title":"Optical Properties of Magnetic-Plasmonic Nanoparticle Multilayers","volume":"9163","author":"Brullot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126301","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/aadf0d","article-title":"Spin-Polarized Electron Transport in Highly Reduced MgFe2O4-\u03b4","volume":"5","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Express"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1977.sp011732","article-title":"Thermoregulatory responses as a function of core temperature in humans","volume":"265","author":"Cabanac","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22020","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01180-y","article-title":"A randomized cross-over trial investigating differences in 24-h personal air and skin temperatures using wearable sensors between two climatologically contrasting settings","volume":"11","author":"Constantinou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-3084(89)90049-2","article-title":"Membrane \u201cfluidity\u201d as detected by diphenylhexatriene probes","volume":"50","author":"Lentz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira, M., Rodrigues, A.R.O., Amaral, L., C\u00f4rte-Real, M., Santos-Pereira, C., and Castanheira, E.M.S. (2023). Bovine Lactoferrin-Loaded Plasmonic Magnetoliposomes for Antifungal Therapeutic Applications. Pharmaceutics, 15.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202305.1868.v1"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8065","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS00215A","article-title":"Emerging combination strategies with phototherapy in cancer nanomedicine","volume":"49","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2020.102174","article-title":"Ethanol injection technique for liposomes formulation: An insight into development, influencing factors, challenges and applications","volume":"61","author":"Gouda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Danaei, M., Dehghankhold, M., Ataei, S., Davarani, F.H., Javanmard, R., Dokhani, A., Khorasani, S., and Mozafari, M.R. (2018). Impact of Particle Size and Polydispersity Index on the Clinical Applications of Lipidic Nanocarrier Systems. Pharmaceutics, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10020057"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4157(92)90038-C","article-title":"Sterically stabilized liposomes","volume":"1113","author":"Woodle","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta BBA-Rev. Biomembr."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.7150\/ntno.56432","article-title":"Strategies for the functionalization of gold nanorods to reduce toxicity and aid clinical translation","volume":"5","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotheranostics"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teixeira, P.V., Adega, F., Martins-Lopes, P., Machado, R., Lopes, C.C., and L\u00facio, M. (2023). pH-Responsive Hybrid Nanoassemblies for Cancer Treatment: Formulation Development, Optimization, and In Vitro Therapeutic Performance. Pharmaceutics, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15020326"}],"container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-4991\/14\/8\/679\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:28:01Z","timestamp":1760106481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-4991\/14\/8\/679"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["nano14080679"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano14080679","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-4991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-4991","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]]}}}