{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T14:58:53Z","timestamp":1768402733667,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]],"date-time":"2019-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI14-1600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI14-1600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/QUI\/50006\/2013-POCI\/01\/0145\/FEDER\/007265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/QUI\/50006\/2013-POCI\/01\/0145\/FEDER\/007265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nanomaterials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Progress in the field of biocompatible SERS nanoparticles has promising prospects for biomedical applications. In this work, we have developed a biocompatible Raman probe by combining anisotropic silver nanoparticles with the dye rhodamine 6G followed by subsequent coating with bovine serum albumin. This nanosystem presents strong SERS capabilities in the near infrared (NIR) with a very high (2.7 \u00d7 107) analytical enhancement factor. Theoretical calculations reveal the effects of the electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms in the observed SERS effect for this nanosystem. Finite element method (FEM) calculations showed a considerable near field enhancement in NIR. Using density functional quantum chemical calculations, the chemical enhancement mechanism of rhodamine 6G by interaction with the nanoparticles was probed, allowing us to calculate spectra that closely reproduce the experimental results. The nanosystem was tested in cell culture experiments, showing cell internalization and also proving to be completely biocompatible, as no cell death was observed. Using a NIR laser, SERS signals could be detected even from inside cells, proving the applicability of this nanosystem as a biocompatible SERS probe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9020256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T03:21:46Z","timestamp":1550114506000},"page":"256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Synthesis and Characterization of Elongated-Shaped Silver Nanoparticles as a Biocompatible Anisotropic SERS Probe for Intracellular Imaging: Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Verification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4758-3816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Caro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Av. Americo Vespucio, 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29590 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7032-7760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Quaresma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eul\u00e1lia","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica e Bioqu\u00edmica, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Av. Americo Vespucio, 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan, 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8160-0574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Pernia Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29590 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2257-7682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIONAND, Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29590 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}]},{"given":"Jose Luis","family":"Royo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8314-5883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Maria","family":"Oliva-Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4359-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick Jacques","family":"Merkling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Zaderenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3732-4960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Av. Americo Vespucio, 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan, 4, 41009 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5139-2871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2010.01.002","article-title":"Chemical seeded growth of Ag nanoparticle arrays and their application as reproducible SERS substrates","volume":"5","author":"Ni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200901820","article-title":"SERS-Based Diagnosis and Biodetection","volume":"6","year":"2010","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5723","DOI":"10.1021\/jp027460u","article-title":"A New Method for Fast Preparation of Highly Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Active Silver Colloids at Room Temperature by Reduction of Silver Nitrate with Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride","volume":"107","author":"Leopold","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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