{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:23:19Z","timestamp":1760239399823,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A phenylalanine (protein)-restricted diet is the primary treatment for phenylketonuria (PKU). Patients are dependent on food protein labelling to successfully manage their condition. We evaluated the accuracy of protein labelling on packaged manufactured foods from supermarket websites for foods that may be eaten as part of a phenylalanine-restricted diet. Protein labelling information was evaluated for 462 food items (\u201cfree from\u201d, n = 159, regular, n = 303), divided into 16 food groups using supermarket website data. Data collection included protein content per portion\/100 g when food was \u201cas sold\u201d, \u201ccooked\u201d or \u201cprepared\u201d; cooking methods, and preparation instructions. Labelling errors affecting protein content were observed in every food group, with overall protein labelling unclear in 55% (n = 255\/462) of foods. There was misleading, omitted, or erroneous (MOE) information in 43% (n = 68\/159) of \u201cfree from\u201d foods compared with 62% (n = 187\/303) of regular foods, with fewer inaccuracies in \u201cfree from\u201d food labelling (p = 0.007). Protein analysis was available for uncooked weight only but not cooked weight for 58% (n = 85\/146) of foods; 4% (n = 17\/462) had misleading protein content. There was a high rate of incomplete, misleading, or inaccurate data affecting the interpretation of the protein content of food items on supermarket websites. This could adversely affect metabolic control of patients with PKU and warrants serious consideration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T10:47:28Z","timestamp":1605005248000},"page":"3440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Protein Labelling Accuracy for UK Patients with PKU Following a Low Protein Diet"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dilyana","family":"Kraleva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Education &amp; Life Sciences, Birmingham City University City South Campus, Westbourne Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2579-8699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Daly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Ashmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}]},{"given":"Kiri","family":"Pointon-Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Education &amp; Life Sciences, Birmingham City University City South Campus, Westbourne Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4977-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00falio C\u00e9sar","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Metabolism, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), R. Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, s\/n, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-017-0685-2","article-title":"The complete European guidelines on phenylketonuria: Diagnosis and treatment","volume":"12","author":"Macdonald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-020-01391-y","article-title":"PKU dietary handbook to accompany PKU guidelines","volume":"15","author":"Macdonald","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orphanet J. 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Packaging and Labelling, Available online: https:\/\/www.food.gov.uk\/business-guidance\/packaging-and-labelling."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/12\/11\/3440\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:31:27Z","timestamp":1760178687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/12\/11\/3440"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["nu12113440"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12113440","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-6643"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]}}}