{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T16:51:19Z","timestamp":1767891079253,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]],"date-time":"2021-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CEECIND\/04397\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/04397\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dietary polyphenol exposure is known to change protein saliva composition in rodents, but less is known in humans. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between saliva protein composition and adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD) and polyphenol intake levels. Participants were assessed for their dietary habits, which were converted in Mediterranean adherence level, according to Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score (MEDAS) score. Total polyphenol and total flavanol intakes were extrapolated from dietary data, using Phenol explorer database. Whole saliva was collected, and proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE. Salivary S-type cystatins were highly expressed in the group with medium adherence to MD, being positively correlated with wine intake in overweight individuals. The association between salivary amylase and MD adherence also depended on Body Mass Index (BMI), with a positive association only in normal weight individuals. Polyphenol intake was positively associated with S-type cystatins levels, particularly when flavanols were considered separately. These results show that saliva relationship with MD adherence depend on BMI, suggesting that normal weight and overweight individuals may have different salivary responses to diet. Moreover, these results reinforce the link between saliva and dietary polyphenols (flavanols) levels, leading to the hypothesis that salivary proteome can have a role in polyphenol-rich foods acceptance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T05:52:00Z","timestamp":1618206720000},"page":"1246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Relationship between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Saliva Composition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Louro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MED (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (IIFA) IIFA\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Avan\u00e7ada, University of \u00c9vora, 7002-556 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (IIFA) IIFA\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Avan\u00e7ada, University of \u00c9vora, 7002-556 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Penetra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of \u00c9vora, 7002-556 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Carreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (IIFA) IIFA\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Avan\u00e7ada, University of \u00c9vora, 7002-556 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8703-2272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Midori","family":"Castelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema 09972-270, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Henrique","family":"Luis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Orais e Biom\u00e9dicas (UICOB), Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciThecCare), Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7035-7799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o e Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o da Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9370-1337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elsa","family":"Lamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (IIFA) IIFA\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o Avan\u00e7ada, University of \u00c9vora, 7002-556 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouzas, C., Bibiloni, M.D.M., Julibert, A., Ruiz-Canela, M., Salas-Salvad\u00f3, J., Corella, D., Zome\u00f1o, M.D., Romaguera, D., Vioque, J., and Alonso-G\u00f3mez, \u00c1.M. 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