{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T18:22:21Z","timestamp":1775845341400,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Overweight and obesity affect a large proportion of the population and are important causes of death in both developed and low- and middle-income countries. In Guinea-Bissau, there are no previous population-based studies assessing this phenomenon. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among adults in Bissau. A stratified and cluster sample of 935 adults was assembled in 2021 and was evaluated using standardized questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, following the World Health Organization Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Underweight, obesity, and overweight were defined by body mass index based on the World Health Organization definitions. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 48.7% among women and 25.0% among men. The proportion of women with abdominal obesity was 14 times higher than it was in men (35.3% vs. 2.5%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with age and income. Underweight was more prevalent in the age group of 18 to 24 years (18.4% in women and 28.9% in men) and was less frequent among individuals with higher socioeconomic status. In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is similar to the trends that are observed in many other urbanized populations in Africa and is already a major public health issue in urban Guinea-Bissau.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T23:22:56Z","timestamp":1638314576000},"page":"4199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight and Obesity among Adults in Urban Bissau, Western Africa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1452-1128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruben","family":"Tur\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n\u00ba 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, n\u00ba 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Albertino","family":"Damasceno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n\u00ba 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, n\u00ba 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica e Forenses e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Pro. Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Av. Salvador Allende 702, Maputo C.P. 254, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Mouhammed","family":"Djic\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CCM\u2014Comiss\u00e3o de Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o Multissetorial de Luta Contra a TB, VIH e Paludismo, Rua Marien N\u2019Gouabi, S\/N, atr\u00e1s de CMI de Bissau, Bissau 861, Guinea-Bissau"},{"name":"CNEPS\u2014Comit\u00e9 Nacional de \u00c9tica em Pesquisa na Sa\u00fade, Avenida Combatente da Liberdade da P\u00e1tria, Hospital \u201c3 de Agosto\u201d, Bissau 1004, Guinea-Bissau"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1870-1430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Lunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n\u00ba 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas, n\u00ba 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica e Forenses e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Pro. Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Fanzo, J., Hawkes, C., Udomkesmalee, E., Afshin, A., Allemandi, L., Assery, O., Baker, P., Battersby, J., Bhutta, Z., and Chen, K. (2018). 2018 Global Nutrition Report: Shining a Light to Spur Action on Nutrition, Development Initiatives Poverty Research."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2020). Overweight and Obesity, WHO Press."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1000367","article-title":"Body-mass index and mortality among 1.46 million white adults","volume":"363","author":"Hartge","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. 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