{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T21:42:22Z","timestamp":1771105342215,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program of the European Structural and Investment Funds","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031808"]}]},{"name":"Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program of the European Structural and Investment Funds","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program of the European 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Leisure","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. Grants","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031808"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. Grants","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. Grants","award":["SFRH\/BD\/136635\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/136635\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. Grants","award":["2020.05911.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.05911.BD"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. Grants","award":["UIDB\/04750\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04750\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ph.D. Grants","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031808"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT\/UIDB\/00617\/2020"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["SFRH\/BD\/136635\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/136635\/2018"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["2020.05911.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.05911.BD"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["UIDB\/04750\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04750\/2020"]}]},{"name":"national funds through FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0064\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The risk of dehydration in older adults with neurocognitive disorder (NCD) is controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess hydration status, its determinants, and water intake sources in older adults with NCD. A sample of 30 participants (\u226560 years) was included. Sociodemographic, clinical data and one 24-h urine sample were collected. Urinary osmolality, sodium, potassium, volume, and creatinine were quantified. Inadequate hydration status corresponded to urine osmolality &gt; 500 mOsm\/Kg, or a negative Free Water Reserve (FWR). Two 24-h food recalls were used to assess dietary intake and water sources. The adequacy of total water intake (TWI) was estimated according to EFSA. The contribution of food and beverages to TWI was calculated, and their associations with the urinary osmolality median were tested. Of the total number of participants, 30% were classified as having inadequate hydration status, with no differences between sexes. Regarding TWI, 68.4% of women and 77.8% of men did not reach the reference values. Water (23%), followed by soup (17%), contributed the most to TWI, while vegetables (2%) and alcoholic\/other beverages (3%) contributed the least. According to the median urinary osmolality, there was no significant difference in sociodemographic\/clinical characteristics. It is critical not to overlook hydration in this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T03:48:08Z","timestamp":1674445688000},"page":"548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Urinary Hydration Biomarkers and Water Sources in Older Adults with Neurocognitive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Queir\u00f3s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o e Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o da Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8839-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1via Borges","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Atividade F\u00edsica, Sa\u00fade e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Duarte","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Atividade F\u00edsica, Sa\u00fade e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3998-6500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Atividade F\u00edsica, Sa\u00fade e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit-Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Arnaldina","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Atividade F\u00edsica, Sa\u00fade e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3043-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o e Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o da Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit-Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7035-7799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Nutri\u00e7\u00e3o e Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o da Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Atividade F\u00edsica, Sa\u00fade e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit-Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, 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