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Among the gut microbial communities, the gut bacteriome has been most widely studied in recent decades. However, in recent years, there has been increasing interest in studying the influences that other microbial groups can exert on the host. Among them, the gut virome is attracting great interest because viruses can interact with the host immune system and metabolic functions; this is also the case for phages, which interact with the bacterial microbiota. The antecedents of virome-rectification-based therapies among various diseases were also investigated. In the near future, stool metagenomic investigation should include the identification of bacteria and phages, as well as their correlation networks, to better understand gut microbiota activity in metabolic disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15040977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T02:52:56Z","timestamp":1676515976000},"page":"977","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The Human Gut Virome and Its Relationship with Nontransmissible Chronic Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9688-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahrzad","family":"Ezzatpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}]},{"given":"Alicia del Carmen","family":"Mondragon Portocarrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1271-513X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Cardelle-Cobas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7283-9372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Lamas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]},{"given":"Aroa","family":"L\u00f3pez-Santamarina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-1491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspecci\u00f3n y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Nutrici\u00f3n y Bromatolog\u00eda, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain"}]},{"given":"Hector C.","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28581-5","article-title":"Genome binning of viral entities from bulk metagenomics data","volume":"13","author":"Johansen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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