{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T21:15:10Z","timestamp":1777410910287,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["UIDP\/05608\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/05608\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["UIDB\/05608\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05608\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Lung cancer (LC) patients are prone to suffer from malnutrition. Malnutrition negatively affects patients\u2019 response to therapy, increases the incidence of treatment-related side effects, and decreases survival. Early identification of LC patients who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition can promote recovery and improve prognosis. Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk and nutritional status of lung cancer patients who are hospitalised, as well as to evaluate the impact of nutritional intervention on the risk of malnutrition. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, 53 LC patients hospitalised in a pulmonology department had their nutritional risk (initial and final) and nutritional status (initial) assessed. All were selected for nutritional intervention. Nutrition counselling was the first intervention option, along with dietary changes with\/without oral nutritional supplements. Results: At the time of hospitalisation, 90.6% of the patients were at nutritional risk, 45.3% were classified as moderately malnourished, and 35.8% were classified as severely underweight. After the hospitalisation, 73.6% were at nutritional risk at the time of discharge, suggesting a statistically significant decrease in the number of patients with nutritional risk. Conclusions: Most LC patients hospitalised presented an altered nutritional status. Our study suggests that a nutritional intervention must be implemented to reduce malnutrition risk, which may impact prognosis. The comprehensive nutritional problems experienced by LC patients require nutritional assessment and improved individually tailored nutritional support.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17010006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T04:45:49Z","timestamp":1735015549000},"page":"6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Effect of Nutritional Intervention in Nutritional Risk Screening on Hospitalised Lung Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Raquel","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Service, Centro Hospitalar de Leira, Rua das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"ciTechCare\u2014Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Health Innovation Hub|Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Campus 5, Rua das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Higher School of Health, University of Algarve I University of Algarve\u2014Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Cabrita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Service, Centro Hospitalar de Leira, Rua das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"\u00c2ngela","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Service, Centro Hospitalar de Leira, Rua das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00f3nia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Service, Centro Hospitalar de Leira, Rua das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0157-8368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o P. M.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H&TRC\u2014Health & Technology Research Center, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1457-8992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H&TRC\u2014Health & Technology Research Center, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Biophysics Institute of Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5205-8939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H&TRC\u2014Health & Technology Research Center, Coimbra Health School, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Biophysics Institute of Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"European Association for Professions in Biomedical Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.07.039","article-title":"The European cancer burden in 2020: Incidence and mortality estimates for 40 countries and 25 major cancers","volume":"157","author":"Dyba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.05.793","article-title":"Nutritional support during the hospital stay reduces mortality in patients with different types of cancers: Secondary analysis of a prospective randomized trial","volume":"32","author":"Bargetzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmac070","article-title":"Current Insights in Nutrition Assessment and Intervention for Malnutrition or Muscle Loss in People with Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review","volume":"13","author":"Kiss","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr. Int. Rev. J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2019.09.006","article-title":"Nutritional Aspect of Cancer Care in Medical Oncology Patients","volume":"41","author":"Yalcin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2020.10.008","article-title":"Nutritional Support in Lung Cancer Patients: The State of the Art","volume":"22","author":"Mele","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Lung Cancer"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(03)00098-0","article-title":"ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002","volume":"22","author":"Kondrup","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2021.08.029","article-title":"Undernutrition risk and nutritional screening implementation in hospitals: Barriers and time trends (2019\u20132020)","volume":"45","author":"Amaral","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.02.005","article-title":"ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical Nutrition in cancer","volume":"40","author":"Muscaritoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-020-00916-9","article-title":"The Role of Malnutrition and Muscle Wasting in Advanced Lung Cancer","volume":"22","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1177\/02184923211014002","article-title":"Preoperative nutritional status is associated with the prognosis for lung cancer","volume":"29","author":"Asakawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian Cardiovasc. Thorac. Ann."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reber, E., Sch\u00f6nenberger, K.A., Vasiloglou, M.F., and Stanga, Z. (2021). Nutritional Risk Screening in Cancer Patients: The First Step Toward Better Clinical Outcome. Front. Nutr., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.603936"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.06.017","article-title":"ESPEN expert group recommendations for action against cancer-related malnutrition","volume":"36","author":"Arends","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pola\u0144ski, J., \u015awi\u0105toniowska-Lonc, N., Ko\u0142aczy\u0144ska, S., and Chabowski, M. (2023). Diet as a Factor Supporting Lung Cancer Treatment\u2014A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15061477"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rinninella, E., Raoul, P., Maccauro, V., Cintoni, M., Cambieri, A., Fiore, A., Zega, M., Gasbarrini, A., and Mele, M.C. (2023). Hospital Services to Improve Nutritional Intake and Reduce Food Waste: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020310"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.12231","article-title":"The role of nutritional support in malnourished patients with lung cancer","volume":"35","author":"Kasprzyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vivo"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/LCTT.S85347","article-title":"Nutrition support and dietary interventions for patients with lung cancer: Current insights","volume":"7","author":"Kiss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lung Cancer Targets Ther."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.33160\/yam.2018.12.003","article-title":"Early Intensive Nutrition Intervention with Dietary Counseling and Oral Nutrition Supplement Prevents Weight Loss in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy: A Clinical Prospective Study","volume":"61","author":"Takeda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Yonago Acta Medica"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2024.14251","article-title":"Effect of lung rehabilitation training combined with nutritional intervention on patients after thoracoscopic resection of lung cancer","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37667","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000037667","article-title":"Effectiveness of an ERAS-based exercise-nutrition management model in enhancing postoperative recovery for thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"103","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porro, C., La Torre, M.E., Tartaglia, N., Benameur, T., Santini, M., Ambrosi, A., Messina, G., Cibelli, G., Fiorelli, A., and Polito, R. (2022). The potential role of nutrition in lung cancer establishment and progression. Life, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/life12020270"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Torralvo, F.J., Ruiz-Garc\u00eda, I., Contreras-Bol\u00edvar, V., Gonz\u00e1lez-Almendros, I., Ruiz-Vico, M., Abu\u00edn-Fern\u00e1ndez, J., Barrios, M., Alba, E., and Olveira, G. (2021). CT-Determined Sarcopenia in GLIM-Defined Malnutrition and Prediction of 6-Month Mortality in Cancer Inpatients. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082647"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1873","article-title":"Evaluation of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria Using Different Muscle Mass Indices for Diagnosing Malnutrition and Predicting Survival in Lung Cancer Patients","volume":"45","author":"Yin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Parenter. Enter. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.11.026","article-title":"Guidance for assessment of the inflammation etiologic criterion for the GLIM diagnosis of malnutrition: A modified Delphi approach","volume":"43","author":"Cederholm","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(21)02009-5","article-title":"Prediction of body weight for the nonambulatory elderly from anthropometry","volume":"88","author":"Chumlea","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet Assoc."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nigro, E., Perrotta, F., Scial\u00f2, F., D\u2019agnano, V., Mallardo, M., Bianco, A., and Daniele, A. (2021). Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Microbiota: Which Impact on Lung Cancer?. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052399"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"1216","article-title":"Nutrition support in hospitalized cancer patients with malnutrition in China","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4764609","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4764609","article-title":"Prognostic Value of Combination of Controlling Nutritional Status and Tumor Marker in Patients with Radical Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"2022","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pola\u0144ski, J., Chabowski, M., \u015awi\u0105toniowska-Lonc, N., Dudek, K., Jankowska-Pola\u0144ska, B., Zabierowski, J., and Mazur, G. (2021). Relationship between nutritional status and clinical outcome in patients treated for lung cancer. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103332"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Llanos, J.P., Vera-Garc\u00eda, R., and Contreras-Martinez, J. (2022). The Determination of a Consensus Nutritional Approach for Cancer Patients in Spain Using the Delphi Methodology. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14071404"}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/17\/1\/6\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:59:03Z","timestamp":1760115543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/17\/1\/6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["nu17010006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu17010006","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]}}}