{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T20:38:56Z","timestamp":1778186336536,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":146,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Regional Development Fund","award":["2020-CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese national funds via Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT), I. P, Portugal","award":["2020-CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000012"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese national funds via Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT), I. P, Portugal","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese national funds via Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT), I. P, Portugal","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese national funds via Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT), I. P, Portugal","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portuguese national funds via Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT), I. P, Portugal","award":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0058\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The worldwide obesity epidemic has led to a drastic increase in diabetes and cardiovascular disease in younger generations. Further, maintaining metabolic health during aging is frequently a challenge due to poor diets and decreased mobility. In this setting, bioactive nutrients that are naturally occurring antioxidants, such as sulforaphane (SFN), are of high nutritional interest. SFN, a bioactive compound that is present in cruciferous vegetables, is a molecule that protects cells from cytotoxic damage and mitigates oxidative stress, protecting against disease. It exerts its action through the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Many studies have been performed in animals and humans to evaluate its effects on cancer, brain health, and neurodegenerative disorders. However, fewer clinical studies have been performed to evaluate its effects on insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) across the lifespan. Given that, in some parts of the world, particularly in Europe, the population is growing older at a significant rate, it is crucial to promote healthy habits (healthy foods, dietary pattern, precision nutrition, and physical activity) from an early stage in life and across the lifespan to avoid debilitating health conditions occurring during adulthood and aging. Thus, in this narrative review, we discuss the protective effects of SFN supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways and relate them to metabolic disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17030428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T05:24:31Z","timestamp":1737696271000},"page":"428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Protective Effects of Sulforaphane Preventing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress to Enhance Metabolic Health: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3914-7101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Arkansas Children\u2019s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0481-037X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edilene Maria Queiroz","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Genomics and Metabolic Dysfunctions Research and Extension Center, Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41195001, BA, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3598-2775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise T.","family":"Dalgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4361-4558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharda","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Medical Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7842-0625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabet","family":"B\u00f8rsheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkansas Children\u2019s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics & Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA"},{"name":"Arkansas Children\u2019s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6264-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenia","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC-UC\u2014Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"CIBB\u2014Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinar Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Eurostat (2021, March 20). 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