{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T22:26:45Z","timestamp":1766788005692,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":191,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a prevalent global health issue, often requiring antibiotic treatment, which contributes to antimicrobial resistance. This narrative review explores the potential of probiotics and plant-based foods as alternative or complementary preventive strategies against UTIs. Fermented foods, such as yogurt, kefir, and kombucha, contain probiotic strains that can modulate the gut and urogenital microbiota, enhancing resistance to uropathogens. Likewise, plant-based foods, including cranberry, garlic, bearberry, juniper, and nettle, possess bioactive compounds with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic properties. Laboratory and clinical studies suggest that these natural interventions may reduce the incidence of UTIs by inhibiting pathogen adhesion, modulating immune responses, and promoting urinary tract health. However, despite promising findings, inconsistencies in study methodologies, dosage standardization, and long-term efficacy warrant further investigation. Future research should focus on optimizing probiotic formulations, standardizing plant-based supplement dosages, and assessing potential food\u2013drug interactions to establish evidence-based guidelines for UTI prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17060986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T16:39:03Z","timestamp":1741711143000},"page":"986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Probiotics and Plant-Based Foods as Preventive Agents of Urinary Tract Infection: A Narrative Review of Possible Mechanisms Related to Health"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ariana","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research in Veterinary Medicine (I-MVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisbon University Centre, Lus\u00f3fona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3564-5525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dele","family":"Raheem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Change Research, Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland"}]},{"given":"Poly Rani","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh"}]},{"given":"Mona N.","family":"BinMowyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Education, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5257-2586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Rom\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition, University of Bras\u00edlia, Bras\u00edlia 70910-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Sehad N.","family":"Alarifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Al-Quwayiyah College of Sciences and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqraa 11971, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8888-4098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najla A.","family":"Albaridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science, College of Health and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Zayed D.","family":"Alsharari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5286-2249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Raposo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lus\u00f3fona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-016-0910-2","article-title":"Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections and Antibiotic Resistance in the Outpatient Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"45","author":"Rossignol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1086\/318850","article-title":"Urinary Tract Infections: Disease Panorama and Challenges","volume":"183","author":"Stamm","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Infect. 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