{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:38:26Z","timestamp":1760060306927,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]],"date-time":"2025-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["001\/2023","UIDB\/05704\/2020","UIDP\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001\/2023","UIDB\/05704\/2020","UIDP\/05704\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["001\/2023","UIDB\/05704\/2020","UIDP\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001\/2023","UIDB\/05704\/2020","UIDP\/05704\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Employment Stimulus\u2014Institutional Call","award":["001\/2023","UIDB\/05704\/2020","UIDP\/05704\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001\/2023","UIDB\/05704\/2020","UIDP\/05704\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Hypodermoclysis has gained increasing recognition as a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method for administering medication and fluids in palliative care. Despite its advantages, its adoption remains limited, primarily due to a lack of structured training resources for healthcare professionals. This study aimed to develop and validate an educational tool for training clinical nurses in hypodermoclysis administration in palliative care. Methods: This is a methodological study with a multi-methods approach. Study development involved a needs assessment with 48 professionals, a literature review, and the creation of a manual enriched with visual aids. Results: The material was validated by expert judges, technical reviewers, and the target audience. Organized into 21 chapters, the manual comprehensively addresses technical, theoretical, and ethical dimensions of the practice. Content validation by 14 experts yielded an outstanding global Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.95. An independent evaluation of visual design by four communication specialists produced consistently high scores (91\u201396%), classifying the material as \u201csuperior\u201d in quality. Feedback from target users (12 nurses) highlighted the manual\u2019s clarity, applicability, and relevance. All constructive suggestions were incorporated into the final version. Conclusions: The resulting manual demonstrates strong validity as an educational resource, with significant potential to standardize and enhance hypodermoclysis training in palliative nursing, promoting both safety and humanized care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep15080301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T11:31:37Z","timestamp":1755516697000},"page":"301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and Validation of an Educational Tool on Hypodermoclysis for Palliative Care Professionals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Maria Vanessa Tom\u00e9 Bandeira","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter Cant\u00eddio University Hospital, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60430-372, CE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1080-9535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Laranjeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 5, Rua das Olhalvas, 2414-016 Leiria, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of \u00c9vora, 7000-801 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4176-6291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mateus","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0056-862X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabela Melo","family":"Bonfim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60811-905, CE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7510-2202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Carlos Carvalho","family":"Gra\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7914-6939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karla Maria Carneiro","family":"Rolim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60811-905, CE, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Lara Anisia Menezes","family":"Bonates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Health Sciences, State University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60714-903, CE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0673-9442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00e9gia Christina Moura Barbosa","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5110-6364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana F\u00e1tima Carvalho","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1254","DOI":"10.30968\/jhphs.2025.161.1254","article-title":"Administration of fluids and antibiotics via hypodermoclysis in adult patients in palliative care: A scoping review","volume":"16","author":"Feres","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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