{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T16:20:19Z","timestamp":1767716419165,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Erasmus+ Program of the European Union","award":["101083115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101083115"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) require specific skills in nursing education, yet their curricular integration often remains fragmented, limiting the consolidation of knowledge and safe clinical practice. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of nursing students from Brazil and Peru regarding the use of clinical simulation as a strategy to develop skills in HAIs prevention and control. Methods: A qualitative approach was employed, involving 12 focus groups (n = 297 students) across four universities. The discussions were conducted following simulation activities based on standardized scenarios structured into four phases: pre-reading, briefing, execution, and debriefing. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide flowed by content analysis, through which saturation was achieved. The study adhered to COREQ guidelines. Results: Three main themes emerged: (i) clinical simulation as a student-centered teaching\u2013learning strategy, where pre-reading and briefing materials enhanced students\u2019 confidence and clarity in performing tasks, with checklists suggested to avoid omissions; (ii) simulation as a facilitator of autonomy and safety in HAI prevention, offering a protected environment for making mistakes and learning, with formative feedback during debriefing increasing risk awareness, although debriefing time was noted as an area for improvement; and (iii) meaningful learning and integration with traditional education, as students reported increased engagement, better knowledge retention, and greater perceived transfer of skills to real clinical settings. Conclusions: Clinical simulation demonstrated strong potential to support the development of HAI prevention skills in undergraduate nursing students. Longitudinal implementation with standardized scenarios and further evaluation of educational effectiveness and debriefing strategies is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep16010014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T15:09:36Z","timestamp":1767712176000},"page":"14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Building Skills in Infection Prevention Through Simulation: Insights from Nursing Students in Brazil and Peru"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2297-395X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciene Muniz","family":"Braga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Pedro Paulo do","family":"Prado-Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9ia Guerra","family":"Siman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Talita Prado Sim\u00e3o","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Mara R\u00fabia Maciel Cardoso do","family":"Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9527-7325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luana Vieira","family":"Toledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Siqueira-Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Medicina e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5046-6883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9ia Patr\u00edcia","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Bio\u00e9tica e \u00c9tica Aplicada, Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22290-902, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Yanet Castro","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andina Del Cusco, Cusco 08006, Peru"}]},{"given":"Luis Alberto","family":"Chihuantito-Abal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andina Del Cusco, Cusco 08006, Peru"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4446-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edo Gallegos","family":"Aparicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andina Del Cusco, Cusco 08006, Peru"}]},{"given":"Miluska Frisancho","family":"Camero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andina Del Cusco, Cusco 08006, Peru"}]},{"given":"Sdenka Caballero","family":"Aparicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andina Del Cusco, Cusco 08006, Peru"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Efra\u00edn Larrea","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andina Del Cusco, Cusco 08006, Peru"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8959-265X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly Myriam Jim\u00e9nez de","family":"Aliaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud\u2014Escuela Profesional de Enfermer\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru"}]},{"given":"Zoila Isabel C\u00e1rdenas","family":"Tirado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud\u2014Escuela Profesional de Enfermer\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru"}]},{"given":"Rosario del Socorro Avellaneda","family":"Yajahuanca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud\u2014Escuela Profesional de Enfermer\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8729-2098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isa\u00edas Wilmer Due\u00f1as","family":"Sayaverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud\u2014Escuela Profesional de Enfermer\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru"}]},{"given":"Nely Esperanza Mundaca","family":"Constantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud\u2014Escuela Profesional de Enfermer\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7814-7754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Itila D\u00edaz","family":"Coronel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud\u2014Escuela Profesional de Enfermer\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru"}]},{"given":"Antonio S\u00e1nchez","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud\u2014Escuela Profesional de Enfermer\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru"}]},{"given":"Edwin Barboza","family":"Estela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la 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