{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T01:34:05Z","timestamp":1763429645894,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/MAR\/04292\/2019","(IF\/01373\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/MAR\/04292\/2019","(IF\/01373\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oceans"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myctophids are key members of mesopelagic communities with a world biomass estimated at 600 million tons. They play a central role in oceanic food webs and are known to perform diel vertical migrations, crossing the thermocline and reaching the oxygen minimum zone, however, very scarce information exists on trace element content in these organisms. Therefore, the trace elemental composition (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd and Pb) of Triphoturus mexicanus and Benthosema panamense specimens was determined. Zinc (Zn) was the most common trace element for both species, T. mexicanus presented 39.8 \u00b5g.g\u22121 dw and B. panamense 30.6 \u00b5g.g\u22121 dw. Contrasting, for T. mexicanus the less abundant trace element was Ni (0.332 \u00b5g.g\u22121 dw) and for B. panamense was Pb (0.236 \u00b5g.g\u22121 dw). T. mexicanus exhibited significantly higher concentrations of Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb in comparison to B. panamense, and these differences seemed to be related to inherent physiological and\/or ecological traits rather than environmental element availability. These diel vertical migrators are crucial in the energy transfer between the deep-sea and epipelagic zones (and vice-versa), and the estimation of the Biomagnification Factor (based on Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) levels revealed that both T. mexicanus and B. panamense play a major role in trace element transfer to higher trophic levels in the pelagic food web of the Gulf of California.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/oceans1010004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T03:33:43Z","timestamp":1582515223000},"page":"34-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Bioaccumulation of Trace Elements in Myctophids in the Oxygen Minimum Zone Ecosystem of the Gulf of California"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8069-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE - Marine Environmental Science Centre, Laborat\u00f3rio Mar\u00edtimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal"},{"name":"Division of Environmental Oceanography and Bioprospection, IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Bras\u00edlia, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8833-4766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE - Marine Environmental Science Centre, Laborat\u00f3rio Mar\u00edtimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Grilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE - Marine Environmental Science Centre, Laborat\u00f3rio Mar\u00edtimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5121-0719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Caetano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Environmental Oceanography and Bioprospection, IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Bras\u00edlia, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR \u2013 Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6655-4979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Unai","family":"Markaida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, CONACyT, Avenida Rancho, Poligono 2, Ciudad Industrial Lerma, 24500 Campeche, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5610-0903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Raimundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Environmental Oceanography and Bioprospection, IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Av. Bras\u00edlia, 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR \u2013 Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Avenida General Norton de Matos S\/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2801-5178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE - Marine Environmental Science Centre, Laborat\u00f3rio Mar\u00edtimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-010-9176-4","article-title":"A review on mesopelagic fishes belonging to family Myctophidae","volume":"21","author":"Catul","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Fish Biol. Fish."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Hulley, P. (1994). Lanternfishes. 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