{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:27:49Z","timestamp":1760149669229,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OHBM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Vocal fold nodules are bilateral lesions that can have an important negative impact on a person\u2019s job performance, social interaction, and quality of life. This study aims to analyze multidimensional voice evaluation outcomes in a group of patients with bilateral vocal fold nodules who underwent voice therapy. (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in 42 patients on the following voice evaluations, before and after voice therapy: visual-perceptual (video-laryngostroboscopic evaluation), auditory-perceptual voice analysis based on the GRBAS scale, and aerodynamic voice analysis. Data were collected from January 2001 to December 2019. Data analyses were performed with non-parametric tests (Wilcoxon test) using \u03b1 = 0.05. (3) Results: The patient average age was 33.6.1 \u00b1 10 years (range 19\u201360), and 95.2% were female. Voice therapy was delivered by an experienced speech-language pathologist once a week, with an average of 9.8 \u00b1 3 appointments (range 8\u201317). Vocal fold lesions disappeared in 40.4% of the patients after voice therapy, especially in participants receiving early voice therapy (p = 0.035). When comparing pre- and post-therapy audio-perceptual results, all parameters were improved with statistical significance (p &lt; 0.05) except for the asthenic voice scale. Aerodynamic parameters were all improved but without statistical significance (p &gt; 0.05); (4) Conclusions: Early timing to initiate voice therapy after the onset of symptoms or diagnosis seems to be an important factor for the success of voice therapy (absence of vocal fold nodules).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ohbm4020008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T10:26:43Z","timestamp":1693909603000},"page":"8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bilateral Vocal Nodules Multidimensional Assessment: Pre- and Post- Speech Language Pathology Intervention"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6327-6088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Alegria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"FP-I3ID (Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o, Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa), FP-BHS (Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-256 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Vaz-Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Neuroci\u00eancias\u2014Servi\u00e7o de ORL, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade do Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LIAAD\u2014Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support do INESC TEC, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FP-I3ID (Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o, Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa), FP-BHS (Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-256 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1774-1337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Manso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FP-I3ID (Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o, Inova\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento Fernando Pessoa), FP-BHS (Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Saran, M., Georgakopoulos, B., and Bordoni, B. 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