{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:53:11Z","timestamp":1771462391585,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]],"date-time":"2020-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intracellular protozoan of the genus Leishmania, endemic in the Mediterranean basin, are the cause of cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). A 75-year-old woman was admitted nine years after a second kidney transplant (KT), due to persistent pancytopenia and fever. She presented edema and erythema of the nose in the last two years and an exophytic nodular lesion located on the left arm, with areas of peripheral necrosis and central ulceration in the last 18 months. A bone marrow biopsy revealed features compatible with Leishmania amastigotes, and polymerase chain reaction test (PCR) for Leishmania infantum was positive. Moreover, biopsy and PCR for L. infantum of the cutaneous lesion on the patient\u2019s left arm and nose and PCR from peripheral blood were positive. Thus, a diagnosis of CL, MCL, and VL was made, and liposomal amphotericin B was initiated, but the patient had an unfavorable outcome and died. This is the first report of a KT recipient presenting with the entire spectrum of leishmaniasis. In Portugal, this infection is rare\u2014so a high degree of clinical suspicion is required for its diagnosis, especially in endemic regions, as visceral leishmaniasis is a potentially life-threatening infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10010018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]],"date-time":"2020-12-30T09:35:23Z","timestamp":1609320923000},"page":"18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Visceral Dissemination of Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"N\u00eddia","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Bustorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2392-6087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabela","family":"Cordeiro Da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasite Disease Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto, i3S, 4200-135 Oporto, Portugal"},{"name":"Biological Science Department, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5902-1557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasite Disease Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto, i3S, 4200-135 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Santar\u00e9m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasite Disease Group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade da Universidade do Porto, i3S, 4200-135 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Cerqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathological Anatomy Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathological Anatomy Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Cerejeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology and Venereology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia","family":"Vide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology and Venereology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Cancela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Sobrinho Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Oporto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Department, Centro Hospitalar e 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