{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]],"date-time":"2025-11-16T06:21:59Z","timestamp":1763274119101,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT \u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["SAICTPAC\/0019\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAICTPAC\/0019\/2015"]}]},{"name":"European Structural &amp; Investment Funds through the COMPETE Programme - Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa","award":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-016405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-016405"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Response to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (RC) is quite variable and it is urgent to find predictive biomarkers of response. We investigated miR-21 as tissue and plasma biomarker of response to CRT in a prospective cohort of RC patients; The expression of miR-21 was analyzed in pre- and post-CRT rectal tissue and plasma in 37 patients with RC. Two groups were defined: Pathological responders (TRG 0, 1 and 2) and non-responders (TRG 3). The association between miR-21, clinical and oncological outcomes was assessed; miR-21 was upregulated in tumor tissue and we found increased odds of overexpression in pre-CRT tumor tissue (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 0.40\u20136.63, p = 0.498) and pre-CRT plasma (OR: 1.79; 95% CI: 0.45\u20137.19, p = 0.414) of non-responders. The overall recurrence risk increased with miR-21 overexpression in pre-CRT tumor tissue (HR: 2.175, p = 0.37); Significantly higher miR-21 expression is observed in tumor tissue comparing with non-neoplastic. Increased odds of non-response is reported in patients expressing higher miR-21, although without statistical significance. This is one of the first studies on circulating miR-21 as a potential biomarker of response to CRT in RC patients.\r\n  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13090246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T09:04:53Z","timestamp":1600074293000},"page":"246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of Tissue and Circulating miR-21 as Potential Biomarker of Response to Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0764-6694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Our\u00f4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz \u00c2ngelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7805-4346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Mourato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marisa P.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz \u00c2ngelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Albergaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz \u00c2ngelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Cardador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7417-0091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui E.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Maio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz \u00c2ngelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal"},{"name":"NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4829-754X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cec\u00edlia M. P.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21551","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2019","volume":"69","author":"Siegel","year":"2019","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"iv22","article-title":"Rectal cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"28","author":"Wyrwicz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. 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