{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:46:00Z","timestamp":1777387560260,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology","award":["P223RT0141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P223RT0141"]}]},{"name":"Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Ibero-American Program on Science and Technology","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["P223RT0141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P223RT0141"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT)","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["P223RT0141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P223RT0141"]}]},{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES)","award":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0008\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review summarizes the recent findings on the development of different types of single and multitarget nanoparticles for disease detection and drug delivery to the brain, focusing on promising active principles encapsulated and nanoparticle surface modification and functionalization. Functionalized nanoparticles have emerged as promising tools for the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders, offering a novel approach to addressing complex neurological challenges. They can act as drug delivery vehicles, transporting one or multiple therapeutic agents across the blood\u2013brain barrier and precisely releasing them at the site of action. In diagnostics, functionalized nanoparticles can serve as highly sensitive contrast agents for imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans. By attaching targeting ligands to the nanoparticles, they can selectively accumulate in the affected areas of the brain, enhancing the accuracy of disease detection. This enables early diagnosis and monitoring of conditions like Alzheimer\u2019s or Parkinson\u2019s diseases. While the field is still evolving, functionalized nanoparticles represent a promising path for advancing our ability to diagnose and treat brain disorders with greater precision, reduced invasiveness, and improved therapeutic outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16121721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T04:28:31Z","timestamp":1702355311000},"page":"1721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Single and Multitarget Systems for Drug Delivery and Detection: Up-to-Date Strategies for Brain Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Clara","family":"Grosso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8066-360X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurora","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidad de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3924-776X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Delerue-Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria F\u00e1tima","family":"Barroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, October 15). 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