{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T13:45:15Z","timestamp":1770731115713,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/04033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biol\u00f3gicas","award":["UID\/04033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04033"]}]},{"name":"LA\/P\/0126\/2020","award":["UID\/04033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The health benefits of Tamus communis fruits have been associated with their high phenolic content, which comprises several flavonoids. However, the extraction methods might significantly impact these valuable compounds\u2019 bioactivity. Therefore, the current study assesses how different extraction techniques affect T. communis extracts\u2019 antioxidant, anti-aging, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and phenolic contents. Methods: Conventional method (TCE-CM) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (TCE-UM) were the methods employed. Results: The increased phenolic content of TCE-UM, particularly flavonoids and phenolic acids, was demonstrated to be a contributing factor to its higher biological activity. Key enzymes linked to dermatological conditions, such as elastase, collagenase, hyaluronidase, and tyrosinase, were significantly inhibited by both extracts at 1 mg\/mL; TCE-UM showed the highest tyrosinase inhibition (65.61\u2009 \u00b1\u2009 5.21%) compared to TCE-CM (21.78 \u2009\u00b1\u2009 2.19%). TCE-UM also demonstrated exceptional antibacterial performance, showing notable antibiofilm and metabolic inactivation effects and potent activity against pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Both extracts showed concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory properties; TCE-UM had a lower IC50 value (26.46 \u00b1 2.30%) in nitric oxide inhibition tests, suggesting stronger anti-inflammatory capabilities. Conclusions: These findings underscore the superior bioactivity of TCE-UM and suggest that ultrasonic extraction is a more efficient method for isolating bioactive phenolic compounds from T. communis fruits, presenting promising applications in anti-aging and antimicrobial formulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18091342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T08:06:32Z","timestamp":1757318792000},"page":"1342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring the Impact of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction on the Phytochemical Composition and Bioactivity of Tamus communis L. Fruits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0575-4958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Gouvinhas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7492-4965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8506-4393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AquaValor\u2014Centro de Valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o e Transfer\u00eancia de Tecnologia da \u00c1gua, Rua Dr. J\u00falio Martins n.\u00ba 1, 5400-342 Chaves, Portugal"},{"name":"LiveWell\u2014Research Centre for Active Living & Wellbeing, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"CIMO\u2014Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regi\u00f5es de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3435-577X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"AquaValor\u2014Centro de Valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o e Transfer\u00eancia de Tecnologia da \u00c1gua, Rua Dr. J\u00falio Martins n.\u00ba 1, 5400-342 Chaves, Portugal"},{"name":"LiveWell\u2014Research Centre for Active Living & Wellbeing, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Janji\u0107, V. 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