{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T18:37:25Z","timestamp":1773081445434,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\/MCTES","award":["UID\/MULTI\/04378\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/MULTI\/04378\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Medication adherence is a growing concern for public health and poor adherence to therapy has been associated with poor health outcomes and higher costs for patients. Interventions for improving adherence need to consider the characteristics of the individual therapeutic regimens according to the needs of the patients. In particular, geriatric and paediatric populations as well as dermatological patients have special needs\/preferences that should be considered when designing drug products. Patient Centric Drug Product Pharmaceutical Design (PCDPD) offers the opportunity to meet the needs and preferences of patients. Packaging, orodispersible formulations, fixed dose combinations products, multiparticulate formulations, topical formulations and 3D printing are of particular relevance in a PCDPD process. These will be addressed in this review as well as their impact on medication adherence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12010044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T11:55:07Z","timestamp":1578052507000},"page":"44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Patient Centric Pharmaceutical Drug Product Design\u2014The Impact on Medication Adherence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Enrica","family":"Menditto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIRFF, Centre of Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, 80138 Napoli NA, Italy"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Orlando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIRFF, Centre of Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, 80138 Napoli NA, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1210-1269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"De Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II Corso Umberto I, 40, 80138 Napoli NA, Italy"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Minghetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7049-4152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umberto","family":"Musazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7137-5737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitriona","family":"Cahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons, Beaux Lane House, Mercer Street, Dublin 2, Ireland"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Kurczewska-Michalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 60, Narutowicza St., 90-136 Lodz, Poland"}]},{"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Kardas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 60, Narutowicza St., 90-136 Lodz, Poland"}]},{"given":"El\u00edsio","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO\/REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy and Porto4Ageing, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Sousa Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO\/REQUIMTE, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1498-048X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO\/REQUIMTE, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2012.04167.x","article-title":"A new taxonomy for describing and defining adherence to medications","volume":"73","author":"Vrijens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. 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