{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T23:50:03Z","timestamp":1771026603431,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCMAR\/Multi\/04326\/2019, PhD grant SFRH\/BD\/116604\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCMAR\/Multi\/04326\/2019, PhD grant SFRH\/BD\/116604\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04138\/2020, UIDB\/00100\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04138\/2020, UIDB\/00100\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-402-022125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-402-022125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CEECIND\/00425\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEECIND\/00425\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/50017\/2020+UIDB\/50017\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50017\/2020+UIDB\/50017\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sambucus nigra L. is widely used in traditional medicine with different applications. However, confirmative studies are strongly required. This study aimed to assess the biological activities of the S. nigra flower\u2019s extract encapsulated into two different types of nanoparticles for optimizing its properties and producing further evidence of its potential therapeutic uses. Different nanoparticles (poly(lactide-co-glycolide, PLGA) and poly-\u0190-caprolactone (PCL), both with oleic acid, were prepared by emulsification\/solvent diffusion and solvent-displacement methods, respectively. Oleic acid was used as a capping agent. After the nanoparticles\u2019 preparation, they were characterized and the biological activities were studied in terms of collagenase, in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory, and in vitro cell viability. Rutin and naringenin were found to be the major phenolic compounds in the studied extract. The encapsulation efficiency was higher than 76% and revealed to have an impact on the release of the extract, mainly for the PLGA. Moreover, biochemical and histopathological analyses confirmed that the extract-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles displayed the highest anti-inflammatory activity. In addition to supporting the previously reported evidence of potential therapeutic uses of S. nigra, these results could draw the pharmaceutical industry\u2019s interest to the novelty of the nanoproducts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12121181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T11:59:00Z","timestamp":1607083140000},"page":"1181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Further Evidence of Possible Therapeutic Uses of Sambucus nigra L. Extracts by the Assessment of the In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Its PLGA and PCL-Based Nanoformulations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ana Henriques","family":"Mota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3119-8745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"No\u00e9lia","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Teresa","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnol\u00f3gica, Av. da Rep\u00fablica, Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Agron\u00f3mica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnol\u00f3gica, Av. da Rep\u00fablica, Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Agron\u00f3mica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5016-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Ros\u00e1rio","family":"Bronze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"IBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnol\u00f3gica, Av. da Rep\u00fablica, Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Agron\u00f3mica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4338-7703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00edsa","family":"Cust\u00f3dio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6814-7226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Manuela","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7992-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Rijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7439-5912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia","family":"Ascens\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3922-3602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Fa\u00edsca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria\u2014Universidade Lus\u00f3fona de Humanidades e Tecnologias\/DNAtech Laborat\u00f3rio Veterin\u00e1rio, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8405-9672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Silveira","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica Estrutural, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Joaquim Chaves Saude. Dr. Joaquim Chaves, Laborat\u00f3rio de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas, 1495-068 Miraflores-Alg\u00e9s, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8640-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pradeep","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7807-4726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Jos\u00e9","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1046-4031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina Pinto","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"IBEB, Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Hussain, C.M. (2020). Natural-based consumer health nanoproducts: Medicines, cosmetics, and food supplements. 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