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Essential oils have been widely used in skin, not only for their remarkable biological properties, but also for their capacity to enhance permeation through the skin layers and to confer a pleasant scent to the formulation. In this study, menthol, L-linalool, bergamot oil, and \u03b2-pinene were incorporated in alginate\/fucoidan hydrogels to evaluate their skin permeation enhancement profile and assess their influence on the skin organization. The combinations of different essential oils with the marine-based fucoidan\/alginate hydrogel matrix were characterized, resulting in formulations with pseudoplastic rheological properties favorable for a uniform application in the skin. The ex vivo Franz diffusion permeation assays revealed that calcein loaded in bergamot-alginate\/fucoidan hydrogel permeated more than 15 mg out of the initial 75 mg than when in linalool-alginate\/fucoidan, alginate\/fucoidan or hydrogel without any incorporated oil. Skin calcein retention for menthol- and pinene-alginate\/fucoidan hydrogels was 15% higher than in the other conditions. Infrared micro-spectroscopic analysis through synchrotron-based Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy evidenced a symmetric shift in CH3 groups towards higher wavenumber, indicating lipids\u2019 fluidization and less lateral packing, characterized by a band at 1468 cm\u22121, with the bergamot-alginate\/fucoidan, which contributes to enhancing skin permeation. The study highlights the effect of the composition in the design of formulations for topical or transdermal delivery systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T04:51:31Z","timestamp":1672894291000},"page":"190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Evaluating the Skin Interactions and Permeation of Alginate\/Fucoidan Hydrogels Per Se and Associated with Different Essential Oils"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8690-3187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8777-5877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia A. Costa","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7818-8611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibraheem","family":"Yousef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALBA Synchrotron, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s, 08290 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0736-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salette","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas, Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardoso, M.J., Costa, R.R., and Mano, J.F. 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