{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T15:18:23Z","timestamp":1774970303429,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wounds are alterations in skin integrity resulting from any type of trauma. The healing process is complex, involving inflammation and reactive oxygen species formation. Therapeutic approaches for the wound healing process are diverse, associating dressings and topical pharmacological agents with antiseptics, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial actions. Effective treatment must maintain occlusion and moisture in the wound site, suitable capacity for the absorption of exudates, gas exchange, and the release of bioactives, thus stimulating healing. However, conventional treatments have some limitations regarding the technological properties of formulations, such as sensory characteristics, ease of application, residence time, and low active penetration in the skin. Particularly, the available treatments may have low efficacy, unsatisfactory hemostatic performance, prolonged duration, and adverse effects. In this sense, there is significant growth in research focusing on improving the treatment of wounds. Thus, soft nanoparticles-based hydrogels emerge as promising alternatives to accelerate the healing process due to their improved rheological characteristics, increased occlusion and bioadhesiveness, greater skin permeation, controlled drug release, and a more pleasant sensory aspect in comparison to conventional forms. Soft nanoparticles are based on organic material from a natural or synthetic source and include liposomes, micelles, nanoemulsions, and polymeric nanoparticles. This scoping review describes and discusses the main advantages of soft nanoparticle-based hydrogels in the wound healing process. Herein, a state-of-the-art is presented by addressing general aspects of the healing process, current status and limitations of non-encapsulated drug-based hydrogels, and hydrogels formed by different polymers containing soft nanostructures for wound healing. Collectively, the presence of soft nanoparticles improved the performance of natural and synthetic bioactive compounds in hydrogels employed for wound healing, demonstrating the scientific advances obtained so far.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15030874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T03:59:32Z","timestamp":1678247972000},"page":"874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Status and Future Scope of Soft Nanoparticles-Based Hydrogel in Wound Healing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9913-9306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel Henrique Marcondes","family":"Sari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6642-3928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre de F\u00e1tima","family":"Cobre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7049-4363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Pontarolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil"},{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9951-587X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luana Mota","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 80210-170, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12424","article-title":"The Relationship between Skin Function, Barrier Properties, and Body-Dependent Factors","volume":"24","author":"Spano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ski. Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, A.V., and Soulika, A.M. (2019). The Dynamics of the Skin\u2019s Immune System. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20081811"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wndm.2020.100179","article-title":"The Applied Anatomy of Human Skin: A Model for Regeneration","volume":"28","author":"Abdo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wound Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20164741","article-title":"Wound Healing\u2014A Literature Review","volume":"91","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2016","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1080\/10408444.2018.1493085","article-title":"Acute Chemical Skin Injuries in the United States: A Review","volume":"48","author":"Hall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-020-00629-7","article-title":"Evaluation of Skin Lesions in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"19","author":"Salari","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Metab. Disord."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-021-00896-8","article-title":"Efficacy of Topical Miltefosine Formulations in an Experimental Model of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis","volume":"12","author":"Peralta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"77","article-title":"Cutaneous Manifestations of Infectious Diseases","volume":"Volume 40","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atlas of Dermatology in Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-015-0859-7","article-title":"Advanced Therapies of Skin Injuries","volume":"127","author":"Maver","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wien. Klin. Wochenschr."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0478-y","article-title":"Chronic Wound Healing: A Review of Current Management and Treatments","volume":"34","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00830-x","article-title":"Current Hydrogel Advances in Physicochemical and Biological Response-Driven Biomedical Application Diversity","volume":"6","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509359125","article-title":"Factors Affecting Wound Healing","volume":"89","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"011504","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0038364","article-title":"Recent Advances on Polymeric Hydrogels as Wound Dressings","volume":"5","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"APL Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12687","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c04206","article-title":"Functional Hydrogels as Wound Dressing to Enhance Wound Healing","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su, J., Li, J., Liang, J., Zhang, K., and Li, J. (2021). Hydrogel Preparation Methods and Biomaterials for Wound Dressing. Life, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/life11101016"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brumberg, V., Astrelina, T., Malivanova, T., and Samoilov, A. (2021). Modern Wound Dressings: Hydrogel Dressings. Biomedicines, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9091235"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7740768","article-title":"Application of Nanomaterial in Hydrogels Related to Wound Healing","volume":"2022","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanomater."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S361282","article-title":"How Effective Are Nano-Based Dressings in Diabetic Wound Healing? A Comprehensive Review of Literature","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yudaev, P., Mezhuev, Y., and Chistyakov, E. (2022). Nanoparticle-Containing Wound Dressing: Antimicrobial and Healing Effects. Gels, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8060329"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7686","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200501321","article-title":"Soft Nanotechnology with Soft Nanoparticles","volume":"44","author":"Nayak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10315","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10315","article-title":"Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioeng. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-018-0392-8","article-title":"Nano Based Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Developments and Future Prospects","volume":"16","author":"Patra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-0090-8","article-title":"Engineering Precision Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery","volume":"20","author":"Mitchell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202107960","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202107960","article-title":"Nanocarriers for Skin Applications: Where Do We Stand?","volume":"61","author":"Tiwari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Wei, P., Yang, Z., Liu, Y., Yang, K., Cheng, Y., Yao, H., and Zhang, Z. (2022). Current Progress and Outlook of Nano-Based Hydrogel Dressings for Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010068"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2009.00543.x","article-title":"Human Skin Wounds: A Major and Snowballing Threat to Public Health and the Economy","volume":"17","author":"Sen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0400-8","article-title":"The Humanistic and Economic Burden of Chronic Wounds: A Protocol for a Systematic Review","volume":"6","author":"Ni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3706315","article-title":"Skin Acute Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"2019","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720091","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.720091","article-title":"Effect of Microgravity on Endothelial Cell Function, Angiogenesis, and Vessel Remodeling During Wound Healing","volume":"9","author":"Morbidelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Herman, T.F., and Bordoni, B. (2022). Principles of Surgery Vivas for the MRCS, Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2012-202143","article-title":"Traumatic Lacerations: What Are the Risks for Infection and Has the \u201cgolden Period\u201d of Laceration Care Disappeared?","volume":"31","author":"Quinn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7540.532","article-title":"Traumatic and Surgical Wounds","volume":"332","author":"Leaper","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2147\/CWCMR.S62553","article-title":"Local Management of Deep Cavity Wounds &ndash; Current and Emerging Therapies","volume":"2","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chronic Wound Care Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Warby, R., and Maani, C.V. (2022). Burn Classification, StatPearls Publishing."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annder.2019.02.002","article-title":"Cutaneous Leishmaniasis","volume":"146","author":"Mokni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-020-00788-y","article-title":"Leishmaniasis Immunopathology\u2014Impact on Design and Use of Vaccines, Diagnostics and Drugs","volume":"42","author":"Kaye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1196","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30386-3","article-title":"High-Quality Health Systems in the Sustainable Development Goals Era: Time for a Revolution","volume":"6","author":"Kruk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burgess, J.L., Wyant, W.A., Abdo Abujamra, B., Kirsner, R.S., and Jozic, I. (2021). Diabetic Wound-Healing Science. Medicina, 57.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57101072"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e03415","DOI":"10.1590\/s1980-220x2017051303415","article-title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Chronic Wounds in Older Adults in Primary Care","volume":"52","author":"Vieira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700701","article-title":"Inflammation in Wound Repair: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms","volume":"127","author":"Eming","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3209","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.031187","article-title":"Wound Repair at a Glance","volume":"122","author":"Shaw","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/573594","article-title":"Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Wounds: Pain Relief or Excessive Scar Formation?","volume":"2010","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2007.16.2.27001","article-title":"The Effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Application on Incisional Wound Healing in Rats","volume":"16","author":"Krischak","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Wound Care"},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"84","article-title":"Factors That Impair Wound Healing","volume":"4","author":"Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Clin. Wound Spec."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2010.01.042","article-title":"A Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (Ketoprofen) Does Not Delay \u03b2-TCP Bone Graft Healing","volume":"6","author":"Nyangoga","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3944\/AOTT.2013.3093","article-title":"The Effect of Dexketoprofen Trometamol on the Healing of Diaphysis Fractures of Rat Tibia","volume":"47","author":"Sevimli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Orthop. Traumatol. Turc."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10068","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c22993","article-title":"Injectable Tripeptide\/Polymer Nanoparticles Supramolecular Hydrogel: A Candidate for the Treatment of Inflammatory Pathologies","volume":"14","author":"Rojo","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6221","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S140934","article-title":"Ketoprofen-Loaded Polymer Carriers in Bigel Formulation: An Approach to Enhancing Drug Photostability in Topical Application Forms","volume":"12","author":"Andonova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.08.025","article-title":"Novel Poly(\u03b5-Caprolactone)\/Gelatin Wound Dressings Prepared by Emulsion Electrospinning with Controlled Release Capacity of Ketoprofen Anti-Inflammatory Drug","volume":"81","author":"Basar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"69","article-title":"Dexketoprofen Trometamol-Loaded Eudragit\u00c2\u00ae Rl 100 Nanoparticle Formulation, Characterization and Release Kinetics","volume":"57","author":"Yenilmez","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACTA Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4536","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666200417144530","article-title":"Lipid Nanoparticles as a Skin Wound Healing Drug Delivery System: Discoveries and Advances","volume":"26","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.791899","article-title":"Challenges in Healing Wound: Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine","volume":"8","author":"Monika","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47738","DOI":"10.1002\/app.47738","article-title":"Wound Dressings: Current Advances and Future Directions","volume":"136","author":"Khalili","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7544.777","article-title":"Wound Dressings","volume":"332","author":"Jones","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2019.09.021","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials: Fascinating Materials in Biomedical Field","volume":"64","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900506","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201900506","article-title":"Soft-Nanoparticle Functionalization of Natural Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications","volume":"8","author":"Elkhoury","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2018.07.015","article-title":"Toxicological Status of Nanoparticles: What We Know and What We Don\u2019t Know","volume":"295","author":"Missaoui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113053","article-title":"Silica Nanoparticles: Biomedical Applications and Toxicity","volume":"151","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.1039\/C1CS15166E","article-title":"Gold Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances and Perspectives","volume":"41","author":"Dykman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Almoshari, Y. (2022). Novel Hydrogels for Topical Applications: An Updated Comprehensive Review Based on Source. Gels, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8030174"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1159\/000018494","article-title":"An Innovative Topical Drug Formulation for Wound Healing and Infection Treatment: In Vitro and in Vivo Investigations of a Povidone-Iodine Liposome Hydrogel","volume":"201","author":"Reimer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.23260","article-title":"Improved Burns Therapy: Liposomes-in-Hydrogel Delivery System for Mupirocin","volume":"101","author":"Hurler","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/498485","article-title":"Liposomes-in-Hydrogel Delivery System with Mupirocin: In Vitro Antibiofilm Studies and In Vivo Evaluation in Mice Burn Model","volume":"2013","author":"Hurler","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.02.054","article-title":"Astragaloside IV-Loaded Nanoparticle-Enriched Hydrogel Induces Wound Healing and Anti-Scar Activity through Topical Delivery","volume":"447","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2015.9176","article-title":"Hydrogels Containing Nanocapsules and Nanoemulsions of Tea Tree Oil Provide Antiedematogenic Effect and Improved Skin Wound Healing","volume":"15","author":"Flores","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.09.042","article-title":"Synthesis and Preparation of Biodegradable Hybrid Dextran Hydrogel Incorporated with Biodegradable Curcumin Nanomicelles for Full Thickness Wound Healing","volume":"532","author":"Alibolandi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.010","article-title":"In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Quercetin Loaded Multiphase Hydrogel for Wound Healing Application","volume":"115","author":"Jangde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2018.1492607","article-title":"Topical Delivery of Tetrahydrocurcumin Lipid Nanoparticles Effectively Inhibits Skin Inflammation: In Vitro and in Vivo Study","volume":"44","author":"Kakkar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2018.1496448","article-title":"Preparation, Characterization, and in Vivo Evaluation of Nano Formulations of Ferulic Acid in Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"44","author":"Bairagi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-019-1363-6","article-title":"Insulin Mucoadhesive Liposomal Gel for Wound Healing: A Formulation with Sustained Release and Extended Stability Using Quality by Design Approach","volume":"20","author":"Dawoud","year":"2019","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.11.013","article-title":"Chitosan Hydrogels Containing Nanoencapsulated Phenytoin for Cutaneous Use: Skin Permeation\/Penetration and Efficacy in Wound Healing","volume":"96","author":"Cardoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S198413","article-title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Simvastatin Polymeric Nanoparticles Loaded in Hydrogel for Optimum Wound Healing Purpose","volume":"13","author":"Aly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328219896704","article-title":"Alginate Hydrogel Enriched with Ambystoma Mexicanum Epidermal Lipoxygenase-Loaded Pectin Nanoparticles for Enhanced Wound Healing","volume":"34","author":"Oveissi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Appl."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.36639","article-title":"Effect of Dual-drug-releasing Micelle\u2013Hydrogel Composite on Wound Healing in Vivo in Full-thickness Excision Wound Rat Model","volume":"107","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105318","article-title":"Healing Activity of Hydrogel Containing Nanoemulsified \u03b2-Caryophyllene","volume":"148","author":"Bidone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105356","article-title":"Healing of Dermal Wounds Property of Caryocar Brasiliense Oil Loaded Polymeric Lipid-Core Nanocapsules: Formulation and in Vivo Evaluation","volume":"150","author":"Pires","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2020.111301","article-title":"Hydrogels Containing Soybean Isoflavone Aglycones-Rich Fraction-Loaded Nanoemulsions for Wound Healing Treatment\u2014In Vitro and in Vivo Studies","volume":"196","author":"Back","year":"2020","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.12.014","article-title":"Encapsulation of Collagen Mimetic Peptide-Tethered Vancomycin Liposomes in Collagen-Based Scaffolds for Infection Control in Wounds","volume":"103","author":"Thapa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.110686","article-title":"Encapsulation of Green Tea Polyphenol Nanospheres in PVA\/Alginate Hydrogel for Promoting Wound Healing of Diabetic Rats by Regulating PI3K\/AKT Pathway","volume":"110","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105330","article-title":"Wound Healing Treatment Using Insulin within Polymeric Nanoparticles in the Diabetes Animal Model","volume":"150","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111273","article-title":"Rapid Gelation of Oxidized Hyaluronic Acid and Succinyl Chitosan for Integration with Insulin-Loaded Micelles and Epidermal Growth Factor on Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"117","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandhu, S.K., Kumar, S., Raut, J., Singh, M., Kaur, S., Sharma, G., Roldan, T.L., Trehan, S., Holloway, J., and Wahler, G. (2021). Systematic Development and Characterization of Novel, High Drug-Loaded, Photostable, Curcumin Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Hydrogel for Wound Healing. Antioxidants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10050725"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2021.105990","article-title":"Hybrid Hydrogels for Bacteriocin Delivery to Infected Wounds","volume":"166","author":"Thapa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Algahtani, M.S., Ahmad, M.Z., Shaikh, I.A., Abdel-Wahab, B.A., Nourein, I.H., and Ahmad, J. (2021). Thymoquinone Loaded Topical Nanoemulgel for Wound Healing: Formulation Design and in-Vivo Evaluation. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26133863"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Algahtani, M.S., Ahmad, M.Z., Nourein, I.H., Albarqi, H.A., Alyami, H.S., Alyami, M.H., Alqahtani, A.A., Alasiri, A., Algahtani, T.S., and Mohammed, A.A. (2021). Preparation and Characterization of Curcumin Nanoemulgel Utilizing Ultrasonication Technique for Wound Healing: In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and in Vivo Evaluation. Gels, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels7040213"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ansari, M.N., Soliman, G.A., Rehman, N.U., and Anwer, M.K. (2022). Crisaborole Loaded Nanoemulsion Based Chitosan Gel: Formulation, Physicochemical Characterization and Wound Healing Studies. Gels, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8050318"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rehman, A., Iqbal, M., Khan, B.A., Khan, M.K., Huwaimel, B., Alshehri, S., Alamri, A.H., Alzhrani, R.M., Bukhary, D.M., and Safhi, A.Y. (2022). Fabrication, In Vitro, and In Vivo Assessment of Eucalyptol-Loaded Nanoemulgel as a Novel Paradigm for Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14091971"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, Y.-H., and Lin, S.-J. (2022). Chitosan\/PVA Hetero-Composite Hydrogel Containing Antimicrobials, Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsions, and Growth Factor-Loaded Nanoparticles as a Multifunctional Dressing for Diabetic Wound Healing: Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro\/In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14030537"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta, B., Sharma, G., Sharma, P., Sandhu, S.K., and Kaur, I.P. (2022). Self-Gelling Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Hydrogel Containing Simvastatin as Suitable Wound Dressing: An Investigative Study. Gels, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8010058"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reczy\u0144ska-Kolman, K., Hartman, K., Kwiecie\u0144, K., Brzychczy-W\u0142och, M., and Pamu\u0142a, E. (2021). Composites Based on Gellan Gum, Alginate and Nisin-Enriched Lipid Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Infected Wounds. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010321"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s43088-022-00284-2","article-title":"Development of Curcumin-Loaded Liposomes in Lysine\u2013Collagen Hydrogel for Surgical Wound Healing","volume":"11","author":"Ilomuanya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Beni-Suef Univ. J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abou El-ezz, D., Abdel-Rahman, L.H., Al-Farhan, B.S., Mostafa, D.A., Ayad, E.G., Basha, M.T., Abdelaziz, M., and Abdalla, E.M. (2022). Enhanced In Vivo Wound Healing Efficacy of a Novel Hydrogel Loaded with Copper (II) Schiff Base Quinoline Complex (CuSQ) Solid Lipid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceuticals, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15080978"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122280","article-title":"Encapsulation of Thymus Vulgaris Essential Oil in Caseinate\/Gelatin Nanocomposite Hydrogel: In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and in Vivo Wound Healing Potential","volume":"628","author":"Alsakhawy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sguizzato, M., Esposito, E., and Cortesi, R. (2021). Lipid-Based Nanosystems as a Tool to Overcome Skin Barrier. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22158319"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12260","article-title":"Nanoemulsion: Process Selection and Application in Cosmetics\u2014A Review","volume":"38","author":"Yukuyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cosmet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azmi, N.A.N., Elgharbawy, A.A.M., Motlagh, S.R., Samsudin, N., and Salleh, H.M. (2019). Nanoemulsions: Factory for Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetics. Processes, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr7090617"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3381","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-021-01216-9","article-title":"Nanoemulsions for Health, Food, and Cosmetics: A Review","volume":"19","author":"Ashaolu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5023","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S174072","article-title":"Natural Product-Based Nanomedicines for Wound Healing Purposes: Therapeutic Targets and Drug Delivery Systems","volume":"13","author":"Hajialyani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_99","unstructured":"Khalil, E.A., Abou-Zekry, S.S., Sami, D.G., and Abdellatif, A. (2021). Wound Healing Research, Springer."},{"key":"ref_100","first-page":"951","article-title":"The Use of Nanoencapsulation to Decrease Human Skin Irritation Caused by Capsaicinoids","volume":"9","author":"Contri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zuben, V., Bergonzi, C., Oliveira Eloy, J., Destro In\u00e1cio, M., Hugo Sousa Araujo, V., Martins Baviera, A., Palmira Daflon Gremi\u00e3o, M., and Chorilli, M. (2022). Hydroxyethylcellulose-Based Hydrogels Containing Liposomes Functionalized with Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Nasal Delivery of Insulin in the Treatment of Diabetes. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14112492"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2022.2088528","article-title":"Polymeric Biomaterials for Wound Healing Applications: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"33","author":"Ijaola","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v10i3.1","article-title":"Penetration Enhancing Effect of Polysorbate 20 and 80 on the in Vitro Percutaneous Absorption of L-Ascorbic Acid","volume":"10","author":"Akhtar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3512","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-018-1196-8","article-title":"Skin Penetration and Permeation Properties of Transcutol\u00ae\u2014Neat or Diluted Mixtures","volume":"19","author":"Osborne","year":"2018","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2014.935532","article-title":"Permeation Enhancer Strategies in Transdermal Drug Delivery","volume":"23","author":"Marwah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3058","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2022.2069274","article-title":"The Potential of Plant-Derived Extracts and Compounds to Augment Anticancer Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drugs","volume":"74","author":"Ng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00879","article-title":"Enhancing Bioavailability and Stability of Curcumin Using Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (CLEN): A Covenant for Its Effectiveness","volume":"8","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zieli\u0144ska, A., Carreir\u00f3, F., Oliveira, A.M., Neves, A., Pires, B., Venkatesh, D.N., Durazzo, A., Lucarini, M., Eder, P., and Silva, A.M. (2020). Polymeric Nanoparticles: Production, Characterization, Toxicology and Ecotoxicology. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25163731"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-40422011000600010","article-title":"Nanostructured Systems Containing an Essential Oil: Protection against Volatilization","volume":"34","author":"Flores","year":"2011","journal-title":"Quim. Nova"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suhail, M., Wu, P.-C., and Minhas, M.U. (2020). Using Carbomer-Based Hydrogels for Control the Release Rate of Diclofenac Sodium: Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceuticals, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13110399"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1080\/00914037.2020.1760275","article-title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Carbomer-Based Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications","volume":"70","author":"Rossetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Mater. Polym. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2008.06.004","article-title":"Oxidative Stress in Normal and Impaired Wound Repair","volume":"58","author":"Werner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.01.011","article-title":"Antibacterial Anti-Oxidant Electroactive Injectable Hydrogel as Self-Healing Wound Dressing with Hemostasis and Adhesiveness for Cutaneous Wound Healing","volume":"122","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1166\/jbn.2011.1318","article-title":"Nanoencapsulation Improves the In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Lipoic Acid","volume":"7","author":"Rabelo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2017.53.4.2604174","article-title":"Crisaborole: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor for Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis","volume":"53","author":"Paton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drugs Today"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00970","article-title":"Exploration of Lipid-Based Nanocarriers as Drug Delivery Systems in Diabetic Foot Ulcer","volume":"19","author":"Kandregula","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2021.102886","article-title":"Role of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Vehicles on the Pharmacokinetic Variability of Erlotinib HCl","volume":"66","author":"Rampaka","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2019.65.3.15","article-title":"Investigation of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Apoptotic Effects of Curcumin on Glioma Cells","volume":"65","author":"Seyithanoglu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"299","article-title":"Poloxamers: A Pharmaceutical Excipients with Therapeutic Behaviors","volume":"1","author":"Patel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. PharmTech Res."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrulea, V., Borchard, G., and Jordan, O. (2020). An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections. Pharmaceutics, 12.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202007.0375.v1"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-016-0462-y","article-title":"Biogenesis of Antibiotics\u2014Viewing Its History and Glimpses of the Future","volume":"61","author":"Sigler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122166","article-title":"The Use of Natural Gums to Produce Nano-Based Hydrogels and Films for Topical Application","volume":"626","author":"Cruz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasool, A., Al, B.K., Skalko-Basnet, N., Rasool, B.K.A., Al Mahri, N., Alburaimi, N., Abdallah, F., Saeed, A., and Shamma, B. (2022). A Narrative Review of the Potential Roles of Lipid-Based Vesicles (Vesiculosomes) in Burn Management. Sci. Pharm., 90.","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm90030039"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3271","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S264648","article-title":"Potential of Nanoparticles as Permeation Enhancers and Targeted Delivery Options for Skin: Advantages and Disadvantages","volume":"14","author":"Ghasemiyeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_125","first-page":"CD011712","article-title":"Antibiotics and Antiseptics for Surgical Wounds Healing by Secondary Intention","volume":"2022","author":"Norman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-019-0514-y","article-title":"Nano-Drug Delivery Systems in Wound Treatment and Skin Regeneration","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e216","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30327-3","article-title":"The Value of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Age of Resistance","volume":"20","author":"Magana","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10290-1","article-title":"Absorbable Hemostatic Hydrogels Comprising Composites of Sacrificial Templates and Honeycomb-like Nanofibrous Mats of Chitosan","volume":"10","author":"Leonhardt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2017.01.005","article-title":"A Review on Polymeric Hydrogel Membranes for Wound Dressing Applications: PVA-Based Hydrogel Dressings","volume":"8","author":"Kamoun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21994","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c02547","article-title":"Chitosan-Based Hydrogel for the Dual Delivery of Antimicrobial Agents Against Bacterial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm-Infected Wounds","volume":"6","author":"Fasiku","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1021\/mp300075u","article-title":"Sustained Wound Healing Activity of Curcumin Loaded Oleic Acid Based Polymeric Bandage in a Rat Model","volume":"9","author":"Mohanty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, S., Gigliobianco, M.R., Censi, R., and Di Martino, P. (2020). Polymeric Nanocapsules as Nanotechnological Alternative for Drug Delivery System: Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities. Nanomaterials, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10050847"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TB00701A","article-title":"Switchable Release Nano-Reservoirs for Co-Delivery of Drugs via a Facile Micelle\u2013Hydrogel Composite","volume":"5","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"}],"container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4923\/15\/3\/874\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:50:45Z","timestamp":1760122245000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4923\/15\/3\/874"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"references-count":133,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["pharmaceutics15030874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics15030874","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4923"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4923","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]}}}