{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:42:34Z","timestamp":1760146954408,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/151159\/2021","AY 2021\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/151159\/2021","AY 2021\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Portuguese State and EU Budget through the Social European Fund and Programa Por_Centro","award":["SFRH\/BD\/151159\/2021","AY 2021\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/151159\/2021","AY 2021\/2022"]}]},{"name":"Fulbright Commission, Portugal: Fulbright Grant for Research, Portugal","award":["SFRH\/BD\/151159\/2021","AY 2021\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/151159\/2021","AY 2021\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Philosophies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Scientists often disagree on the best theory to describe a scientific event. While such debates are a natural part of healthy scientific discourse, the timeframe for scientists to converge on an ideal method may not always align with real-life knowledge dynamics. In this article, I use an event from the history of chemistry as inspiration to develop Agent-Based Models of epistemic networks, exploring method selection within a scientific community. These models reveal several situations where incorrect, simpler methods can persist, even when substantial evidence supports a more complex method. This becomes particularly evident when different evidence-sharing timeframes are analyzed. The network structure connecting the scientists plays a crucial role in determining how and when convergence on the correct method is achieved, guided by real-world evidence. This framework provides a foundation for further exploration of scientists\u2019 behavior in past and future discoveries, as well as how agents internalize scientific information.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/philosophies10010001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T07:00:37Z","timestamp":1735628437000},"page":"1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modeling Innovations: Levels of Complexity in the Discovery of Novel Scientific Methods"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7226-8995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Ferraz-Caetano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, S\/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"108","article-title":"The Case of the \u201cSalicylate Adulteration of Port Wines\u201d: Echoes of a Social, Economic and Scientific View of Portugal-Brazil Relations (1885\u20131905)","volume":"15","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. 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