{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:26:55Z","timestamp":1760146015252,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para ci\u00eancias e tecnologia, MCTES, Portugal","award":["UIDB\/00068\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00068\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photonics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>TEM00-mode operation is a requirement in many laser-based applications due to the small divergence and high-power density of the emitted laser beam. A solar laser scheme was designed and numerically studied with the goal of increasing the solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency in the TEM00-mode operation. The collection and primary concentration of sunlight was performed via twelve sets of folding mirrors and Fresnel lenses, toward a laser head composed of a fused silica torus volume and seven Ce:Nd:YAG rods, in a side-pump configuration. With this scheme, TEM00-mode laser power totaling 212.39 W could potentially be produced from seven beams, with six of them being 32.60 W each and with Mx2 = 1.00,\u00a0My2 = 1.01 quality factors. Notably, 35.40 W\/m2 collection efficiency and, most importantly, 3.73% solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency were numerically achieved. The latter efficiency value represents a 1.81-time improvement over the experimental record, established with a prototype that had a single Ce:Nd:YAG rod in an end-side pump configuration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics11090889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T10:49:48Z","timestamp":1726829388000},"page":"889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multi-Fresnel-Lens Pumping Approach for Simultaneous Emission of Seven TEM00-Mode Beams with 3.73% Conversion Efficiency"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0591-5309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics and Technological Research, Physics Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4406-4108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics and Technological Research, Physics Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics and Technological Research, Physics Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5890-7623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics and Technological Research, Physics Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, June 20). 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