{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:16:03Z","timestamp":1762254963050,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["818173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["818173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phycology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Codium tomentosum holds a variety of bioactive compounds, high nutritional value and health benefits, which makes it a valuable natural resource for the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Currently, C. tomentosum is farmed at a small-scale targeting niche markets, and further expansion of production is limited by a lack of optimised propagation and cultivation methods. This study aims to identify the conditions required to control key production parameters including gametogenesis, gamete release and suitable culture conditions for the early stages of development of C. tomentosum. Wild specimens of C. tomentosum were collected on the Agu\u00e7adoura shore, north of Portugal. Gametogenesis was successfully induced in infertile specimens cultured under a short-day photoperiod (8 h:16 h; L:D). Gamete release was optimised through a combination of hydric shock and ultrasounds, with the highest gamete yield obtained after a 2 h 30 min desiccation period, followed by re-hydration and a series of three ultrasounds. Germlings, precursors of the adult C. tomentosum, grew faster when cultured under a lower light intensity (20 \u03bcmol m\u22122 s\u22121) compared to higher intensities (40 and 60 \u03bcmol m\u22122 s\u22121) in every light spectrum; additionally, the growth of germlings exposed to the lowest light intensity was significantly higher under white, red and green light spectra compared to blue light. The results on key production parameters constitute an important contribution to the establishment of nursery protocols based on sexual reproduction for aquaculture of the species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/phycology4040029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T06:45:52Z","timestamp":1727937952000},"page":"533-547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sexual Propagation in the Green Seaweed Codium tomentosum\u2014An Emerging Species for Aquaculture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8846-3314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Francisca","family":"S\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7673-005X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa Cunha","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9231-0553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Sousa-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1038-9502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gon\u00e7alo Silva","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s\/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR-LA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Av. General Norton de Matos s\/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo, R., V\u00e1zquez Calder\u00f3n, F., S\u00e1nchez L\u00f3pez, J., Azevedo, I.C., Bruhn, A., Fluch, S., Garcia Tasende, M., Ghaderiardakani, F., Ilmj\u00e4rv, T., and Laurans, M. (2021). 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