{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T02:07:05Z","timestamp":1769825225223,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PDR 2020 - Go Se Arroz","award":["PDR2020-101-030671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDR2020-101-030671"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An agronomic itinerary for Se biofortification of two rice cultivars (Ariete and Ceres) through foliar fertilization with sodium selenate and sodium selenite with different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 g Se.ha\u22121), was implemented in experimental fields. The selenium toxicity threshold was not exceeded, as shown by the eco-physiological data obtained through leaf gas exchanges. The highest Se enrichment in paddy grains was obtained with selenite for both cultivars, especially at the highest doses, i.e., 75 and 100 g Se.ha\u22121, with approximately a 5.0-fold increase compared with control values. In paddy grains, Zn was the most affected element by the treatments with Se with decreases up to 54%. When comparing the losses between rough and polished grains regardless of the cultivars, Se species and concentrations, it was observed that only Cu, Mg and Zn exhibited losses &lt;50%. The remaining elements generally had losses &gt;70%. The loss of Se is more pronounced in Ceres cultivar than in Ariete but rarely exceeds 50%. The analysis by \u00b5-EDXRF showed that, in Ariete cultivar, Se is mostly homogeneously distributed in the grain regardless of any treatments, while in Ceres cultivar, the Se distribution seems to favor accumulation in the periphery, perhaps in the bran.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10020288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T20:31:51Z","timestamp":1612384311000},"page":"288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effect of Rice Grain (Oryza sativa L.) Enrichment with Selenium on Foliar Leaf Gas Exchanges and Accumulation of Nutrients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4210-8867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Coelho","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fernando C.","family":"Lidon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3944-7240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita F.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8559-3076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Campos","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5333-7286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas Carmo","family":"Lu\u00eds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0650-4499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula Scotti","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria, I.P. (INIAV), Avenida da Rep\u00fablica, Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7079-9389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6875-0324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Sofia","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria, I.P. (INIAV), Estrada de Gil Vaz 6, 7351-901 Elvas, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9352-9776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria F.","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Galhano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6286-4048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LIBPhys, Physics Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8396-5606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta G.","family":"Leit\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LIBPhys, Physics Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7592-7949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Legoinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7639-7214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 C.","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"PlantStress &amp; Biodiversity Lab., Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, Av. Rep\u00fablica, 2784-505, Oeiras and Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6554-8339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 N.","family":"Semedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoBioTec Research Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Agr\u00e1ria e Veterin\u00e1ria, I.P. (INIAV), Avenida da Rep\u00fablica, Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9704-6579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PlantStress &amp; Biodiversity Lab., Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marqu\u00eas, Av. 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