{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:46:25Z","timestamp":1771461985835,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT) and Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) under the project CVAgrobiodiversity\/333111699"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia (FCT) and Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) under the project CVAgrobiodiversity\/333111699"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"co-financed by FEDER (85%) and Regional funds (15%), through the Azores 2020 Operational Programme","award":["eAZFlora (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000007)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["eAZFlora (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000007)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Macaronesian islands constitute an enormous reservoir of genetic variation of wild carrots (subtribe Daucinae; Apiaceae), including 10 endemic species, but an accurate understanding of the diversification processes within these islands is still lacking. We conducted a review of the morphology, ecology, and conservation status of the Daucinae species and, on the basis of a comprehensive dataset, we estimated the genome size variation for 16 taxa (around 320 samples) occurring in different habitats across the Macaronesian islands in comparison to mainland specimens. Results showed that taxa with larger genomes (e.g., Daucus crinitus: 2.544 pg) were generally found in mainland regions, while the insular endemic taxa from Azores and Cabo Verde have smaller genomes. Melanoselinum decipiens and Monizia edulis, both endemic to Madeira Island, showed intermediate values. Positive correlations were found between mean genome size and some morphological traits (e.g., spiny or winged fruits) and also with habit (herbaceous or woody). Despite the great morphological variation found within the Cabo Verde endemic species, the 2C-values obtained were quite homogeneous between these taxa and the subspecies of Daucus carota, supporting the close relationship among these taxa. Overall, this study improved the global knowledge of DNA content for Macaronesian endemics and shed light into the mechanisms underpinning diversity patterns of wild carrots in the western Mediterranean region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10091954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T22:34:01Z","timestamp":1632263641000},"page":"1954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Diversity and Cytogenomic Characterization of Wild Carrots in the Macaronesian Islands"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4326-7699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme","family":"Roxo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1340-017 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, InBIO Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5555-2388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, CIBIO-Azores, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos A\u00e7ores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6694-7502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Talhinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1340-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1340-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3434-6056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, CIBIO-Azores, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos A\u00e7ores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4717-9429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, InBIO Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9728-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel Menezes","family":"de Sequeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, CIBIO-Azores, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos A\u00e7ores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"},{"name":"Madeira Botanical Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9373-6302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Manuel","family":"Romeiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1340-017 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16261","article-title":"The Plant DNA C-values database (release 7.1): An updated online repository of plant genome size data for comparative studies","volume":"226","author":"Pellicer","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.24295","article-title":"Best practices in plant cytometry","volume":"99","author":"Galbraith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.1700190","article-title":"Out of one, many: The biodiversity considerations of polyploidy","volume":"104","author":"Laport","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. 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