{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:23:20Z","timestamp":1760235800429,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UID\/MULTI\/04046\/2019","PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/30056\/2017","CEECIND\/00511\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04292\/2020","UID\/MULTI\/04046\/2019","PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/30056\/2017","CEECIND\/00511\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Mar2020","award":["16-01-04-FMP-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-01-04-FMP-0014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Land salinization, resulting from the ongoing climate change phenomena, is having an increasing impact on coastal ecosystems like salt marshes. Although halophyte species can live and thrive in high salinities, they experience differences in their salt tolerance range, being this a determining factor in the plant distribution and frequency throughout marshes. Furthermore, intraspecific variation to NaCl response is observed in high-ranging halophyte species at a population level. The present study aims to determine if the environmental history, namely heavy metal pre-conditioning, can have a meaningful influence on salinity tolerance mechanisms of Spartina patens, a highly disperse grass invader in the Mediterranean marshes. For this purpose, individuals from pristine and heavy metal contaminated marsh populations were exposed to a high-ranging salinity gradient, and their intraspecific biophysical and biochemical feedbacks were analyzed. When comparing the tolerance mechanisms of both populations, S. patens from the contaminated marsh appeared to be more resilient and tolerant to salt stress, this was particularly present at the high salinities. Consequently, as the salinity increases in the environment, the heavy metal contaminated marsh may experience a more resilient and better adapted S. patens community. Therefore, the heavy metal pre-conditioning of salt mash populations appears to be able to create intraspecific physiological variations at the population level that can have a great influence on marsh plant distribution outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10102072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T21:26:20Z","timestamp":1633728380000},"page":"2072","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Heavy Metal Pre-Conditioning History Modulates Spartina patens Physiological Tolerance along a Salinity Gradient"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1110-488X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Carreiras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas Alberto","family":"P\u00e9rez-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal y Ecolog\u00eda, Facultad de Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6276-5664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Mateos-Naranjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal y Ecolog\u00eda, Facultad de Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5280-9325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Redondo-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal y Ecolog\u00eda, Facultad de Biolog\u00eda, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s\/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3495-2195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Functional Genomics Group, BioISI\u2014Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Ca\u00e7ador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1914-7435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Barros, V.R., Field, C.B., Dokken, D.J., Mastrandrea, M.D., and Mach, K.J. 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