{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T21:22:10Z","timestamp":1768512130366,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rare earth elements (REEs) present a group of nonessential metals for the growth and development of plants. At high concentrations, they can induce internal stress and disturb the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in plants. The potential uptake of lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) by the horticultural plant Helianthus annuus and the effect of these elements on its growth, its absorption of macroelements, and the contents of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were assessed. The plants were exposed to 0, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 \u00b5M of La and Ce for 14 days. The results showed a remarkable accumulation of the two REEs, especially in the roots, which was found to be positively correlated with the total phenolic compound and flavonoid content in the plant shoots and roots. The plant\u2019s growth parameter patterns (such as dry weight and water content); the levels of potassium, calcium, and magnesium; and the tolerance index varied with the concentrations of the two studied elements. According to the tolerance index values, H. annuus had more affinity to La than to Ce. Although these metals were accumulated in H. annuus tissues, this Asteraceae plant cannot be considered as a hyperaccumulator species of these two REEs, since the obtained REE content in the plant\u2019s upper parts was less than 1000 mg\u00b7Kg\u22121 DW.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11070988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T11:26:07Z","timestamp":1649157967000},"page":"988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Assessment of Tolerance to Lanthanum and Cerium in Helianthus Annuus Plant: Effect on Growth, Mineral Nutrition, and Secondary Metabolism"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nesrine","family":"Dridi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LR. RME-Resources, Materials and Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8977-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERENA, Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Houda","family":"Bouslimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LR. RME-Resources, Materials and Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2248-4240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IPMA, Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, Instituto Portugu\u00eas do Mar e da Atmosfera, 1495-165 Alg\u00e9s, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susete","family":"Martins-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERENA, Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Ca\u00e7ador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE-FCUL, Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7187-0386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noomene","family":"Sleimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LR. RME-Resources, Materials and Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-005-4888-2","article-title":"Rare earth elements in soil and plant systems\u2014A review","volume":"267","author":"Tyler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2014.921344","article-title":"Origin of the different phytotoxicity and biotransformation of cerium and lanthanum oxide nanoparticles in cucumber","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b05728","article-title":"Spatially Resolved Localization of Lanthanum and Cerium in the Rare Earth Element Hyperaccumulator Fern Dicranopteris linearis from China","volume":"54","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. 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