{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T07:22:13Z","timestamp":1763018533503,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project Nutri2Cycle","award":["773682","UIDB\/04129\/2020","UIDP\/04129\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["773682","UIDB\/04129\/2020","UIDP\/04129\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT \u2013Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["773682","UIDB\/04129\/2020","UIDP\/04129\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["773682","UIDB\/04129\/2020","UIDP\/04129\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In many countries, livestock slurry must be injected or incorporated into the soil to reduce nitrogen losses. However, when the injection is not feasible, farmers adopting conservation practices discard the use of slurry as fertilizer. New approaches related to slurry treatment or application management can stimulate the use of slurry in conservation agriculture (CA). This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic effects of some new management strategies to use dairy slurry for fertilization of ryegrass grown on stubble-covered soil, using as reference standard practices (slurry injection and mineral fertilizer application). The following treatments were considered: (i) bare soil: control (CB), mineral fertilizer (MB), injection (IN); (ii) stubble: control (CS), acidified dairy slurry (ADS), raw dairy slurry (RDS), irrigation following RDS (IR), mineral fertilizer (MS), RDS placed under the stubble (US), raw slurry applied 16 days after sowing (RDS T16). Effects on ryegrass yield, apparent nutrient recovery (ANR) and soil chemical properties were assessed. ADS reached 94% equivalence to MS and performed similarly to IN for productivity, ANR and soil parameters showing to be a sustainable alternative to replace mineral nitrogen and a potential solution to enable dairy slurry application in CA without injection or incorporation into the soil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11111473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]],"date-time":"2022-05-31T00:25:12Z","timestamp":1653956712000},"page":"1473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Can Dairy Slurry Application to Stubble, without Incorporation into the Soil, Be Sustainable?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1058-2871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arejacy A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia de S\u00e3o Paulo, Avenida Professor Celso Ferreira da Silva 1333, Avare 18707-150, Brazil"},{"name":"LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MED, Universidade de Evora, 7005-399 Evora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6303-9549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-911 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6101-9210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Fangueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"EC (2019). 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